Component
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid / 4-HPPA
Species, preparation, dose and limitations are retained on linked claims.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
One donor's fecal water produced 4-HPPA from naringenin, while downstream 4-HPPA degradation differed among 22 donors.
Experimental context and source evidence
- dose
- Naringenin or 4-HPPA incubation
- duration
- Incubation study
- evidence_access
- Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
- evidence_scope
- literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation
- experimental_model
- Human fecal incubations from six and then 22 donors
- limitations
- Absence of measured 4-HPPA in five donors may reflect faster downstream degradation rather than absent formation.
- nutrient_topic
- Naringenin chapter; interacting nutrients, drugs, peptides and proteins retain their experimental settings. · Naringenin
- organism
- Human fecal incubations from six and then 22 donors
- plain_language
- One donor's fecal water produced 4-HPPA from naringenin, while downstream 4-HPPA degradation differed among 22 donors.
- primary_references
- Human intestinal microbial metabolism of naringin. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24935725/ DOI: 10.1007/s13318-014-0193-x
- route
- Ex vivo
- tissue
- Microbial naringenin and 4-HPPA metabolism
Naringenin: mechanism of action and interactions (2026-09-20) · lines 33–42
Original AI-assisted source-specific curation with primary-study citations, model, exposure, route, duration, negative findings and limitations preserved. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human fecal incubations from six and then 22 donors · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## naringenin-microbial-hppa One donor's fecal water produced 4-HPPA from naringenin, while downstream 4-HPPA degradation differed among 22 donors. Model/species: Human fecal incubations from six and then 22 donors Tissue/system: Microbial naringenin and 4-HPPA metabolism Exposure: Naringenin or 4-HPPA incubation Route: Ex vivo Duration: Incubation study Limits: Absence of measured 4-HPPA in five donors may reflect faster downstream degradation rather than absent formation. Primary reference: Human intestinal microbial metabolism of naringin. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24935725/ DOI: 10.1007/s13318-014-0193-x Access: Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.