Component
Copper control during maintenance treatment of Wilson disease
Copper control during maintenance treatment of Wilson disease. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Trientine tetrahydrochloride was noninferior to penicillamine for the specified non-ceruloplasmin copper endpoint at 24 weeks in stable adults with Wilson disease.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/copper-research/36183738.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 4337, "text_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166"}
- experimental_model
- Randomized open-label CHELATE maintenance noninferiority trial
- exposure
- Fifty-three adults previously stable on penicillamine for at least a year; trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine
- limitations
- Maintenance trial in stable adults, not initial treatment of severe disease. Noninferiority is not superiority and does not validate general detoxification.
- nutrient_topic
- Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Copper
- organism
- Human adults with stable Wilson disease
- plain_language
- A copper-binding treatment maintained control in this defined patient group.
- primary_references
- [copper-p36183738] Trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine for maintenance therapy in Wilson disease (CHELATE): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36183738/ DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00270-9
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Circulating non-ceruloplasmin copper and clinical stability
- trigger_kind
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
Copper: transport, cuproenzymes, deficiency, excess and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1469–1480
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized open-label CHELATE maintenance noninferiority trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### copper-wilson-trientine-maintenance Trientine tetrahydrochloride was noninferior to penicillamine for the specified non-ceruloplasmin copper endpoint at 24 weeks in stable adults with Wilson disease. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: A copper-binding treatment maintained control in this defined patient group. organism: Human adults with stable Wilson disease tissue_or_cell_type: Circulating non-ceruloplasmin copper and clinical stability experimental_model: Randomized open-label CHELATE maintenance noninferiority trial limitations: Maintenance trial in stable adults, not initial treatment of severe disease. Noninferiority is not superiority and does not validate general detoxification. exposure: Fifty-three adults previously stable on penicillamine for at least a year; trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/copper-research/36183738.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 4337, "text_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166"} [copper-p36183738] Trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine for maintenance therapy in Wilson disease (CHELATE): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36183738/ DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00270-9
Complete structured claim and evidenceUrinary copper was lower with trientine tetrahydrochloride, while clinical stability was maintained in both trial groups.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/copper-research/36183738.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 4337, "text_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166"}
- experimental_model
- Randomized open-label CHELATE maintenance noninferiority trial
- exposure
- Fifty-three adults previously stable on penicillamine for at least a year; trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine
- limitations
- Maintenance trial in stable adults, not initial treatment of severe disease. Noninferiority is not superiority and does not validate general detoxification.
- nutrient_topic
- Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Copper
- organism
- Human adults with stable Wilson disease
- plain_language
- Different copper measurements can coexist with similar clinical control.
- primary_references
- [copper-p36183738] Trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine for maintenance therapy in Wilson disease (CHELATE): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36183738/ DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00270-9
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Circulating non-ceruloplasmin copper and clinical stability
- trigger_kind
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
Copper: transport, cuproenzymes, deficiency, excess and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1482–1493
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomized open-label CHELATE maintenance noninferiority trial · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### copper-wilson-urine-clinical-boundary Urinary copper was lower with trientine tetrahydrochloride, while clinical stability was maintained in both trial groups. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: Copper research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Different copper measurements can coexist with similar clinical control. organism: Human adults with stable Wilson disease tissue_or_cell_type: Circulating non-ceruloplasmin copper and clinical stability experimental_model: Randomized open-label CHELATE maintenance noninferiority trial limitations: Maintenance trial in stable adults, not initial treatment of severe disease. Noninferiority is not superiority and does not validate general detoxification. exposure: Fifty-three adults previously stable on penicillamine for at least a year; trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/copper-research/36183738.abstract.txt", "locator": "Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 4337, "text_sha256": "6235ee4003a7016b645aca9e0df7ea34076b266ebecb33bb878ce75e2c052166"} [copper-p36183738] Trientine tetrahydrochloride versus penicillamine for maintenance therapy in Wilson disease (CHELATE): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. (2022). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36183738/ DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00270-9
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.