Pellagra clinical lesions: molecular mechanisms & dependencies

How nutrients influence it

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Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

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What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

The three prolonged corn-diet subjects developed initial pellagra signs between days 50 and 60; lesions differed between individuals, and typical hand dermatitis developed later in two.
Niacin (vitamin B3) → Pellagra clinical lesions source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
availability_state
nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
cross_nutrient
L-Tryptophan (co_restricted_precursor)
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/goldsmith1952.txt", "locator": "Primary full report; exact character range, zero-based and end-exclusive", "file_sha256": "2d4004fb5985f80c8e44909506e1aa05b6eefd838f4c28102beac30fb3092bc5", "start_char": 13468, "end_char": 15488, "text_sha256": "78476c492b7ccdbe08740a06623f5a4856394c368e22b1bfdcdde2bc345e9a36"}
experimental_model
Historical metabolic-ward restriction; seven women, with three prolonged corn-diet cases developing pellagra
exposure
Corn diet about 4.7 mg niacin and 190 mg tryptophan/day; other B-vitamin supplements; 40–135 days depending on subject; subsequent niacinamide or DL-tryptophan
limitations
Very small nonrandomized historical experiment. Diets and exposure durations differed; signs were not universal. Nitrogen balance did not prove niacin sufficiency. This does not establish a modern intake threshold or demonstrate a corn toxin.
nutrient_topic
Niacin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Niacin (vitamin B3)
organism
Homo sapiens
plain_language
Long enough shortage injured skin and mucosal tissues, but people did not develop the same signs in the same order.
primary_references
[nia-clin-goldsmith1952] Studies of niacin requirement in man. I. Experimental pellagra in subjects on corn diets low in niacin and tryptophan. (1952). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14938430/ DOI: 10.1172/jci102638
tissue_or_cell_type
Skin, oral and intestinal mucosa
trigger_kind
nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
Niacin: NAD metabolism, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1191–1203
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Historical metabolic-ward restriction; seven women, with three prolonged corn-diet cases developing pellagra · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### nia-clin-pellagra-lesions The three prolonged corn-diet subjects developed initial pellagra signs between days 50 and 60; lesions differed between individuals, and typical hand dermatitis developed later in two. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Niacin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Long enough shortage injured skin and mucosal tissues, but people did not develop the same signs in the same order. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Skin, oral and intestinal mucosa experimental_model: Historical metabolic-ward restriction; seven women, with three prolonged corn-diet cases developing pellagra limitations: Very small nonrandomized historical experiment. Diets and exposure durations differed; signs were not universal. Nitrogen balance did not prove niacin sufficiency. This does not establish a modern intake threshold or demonstrate a corn toxin. exposure: Corn diet about 4.7 mg niacin and 190 mg tryptophan/day; other B-vitamin supplements; 40–135 days depending on subject; subsequent niacinamide or DL-tryptophan cross_nutrient: L-Tryptophan (co_restricted_precursor) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/goldsmith1952.txt", "locator": "Primary full report; exact character range, zero-based and end-exclusive", "file_sha256": "2d4004fb5985f80c8e44909506e1aa05b6eefd838f4c28102beac30fb3092bc5", "start_char": 13468, "end_char": 15488, "text_sha256": "78476c492b7ccdbe08740a06623f5a4856394c368e22b1bfdcdde2bc345e9a36"} [nia-clin-goldsmith1952] Studies of niacin requirement in man. I. Experimental pellagra in subjects on corn diets low in niacin and tryptophan. (1952). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14938430/ DOI: 10.1172/jci102638
Complete structured claim and evidence
In the two subjects treated with niacinamide, subjective improvement began within 24–48 hours; oral lesions generally healed within a week, while tongue papillae and some skin lesions took longer.
Nicotinamide → Pellagra clinical lesions source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
availability_state
nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
cross_nutrient
Niacin (vitamin B3) (repleted_nutrient)
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/goldsmith1952.txt", "locator": "Primary full report; exact character range, zero-based and end-exclusive", "file_sha256": "2d4004fb5985f80c8e44909506e1aa05b6eefd838f4c28102beac30fb3092bc5", "start_char": 16399, "end_char": 17420, "text_sha256": "6b1cded5e0f16d68d3efb6aed24a292273030279ca9d21168b0ca00aa529e0c1"}
experimental_model
Historical metabolic-ward restriction; seven women, with three prolonged corn-diet cases developing pellagra
exposure
Corn diet about 4.7 mg niacin and 190 mg tryptophan/day; other B-vitamin supplements; 40–135 days depending on subject; subsequent niacinamide or DL-tryptophan; Table IV: subject 4 began niacinamide 10 mg three times daily, later 50 mg three times daily; subject 5 received a 50 mg test dose, then 10 mg three times daily, later 25 mg three times daily. Historical study regimens, not individualized treatment instructions.
limitations
Very small nonrandomized historical experiment. Diets and exposure durations differed; signs were not universal. Nitrogen balance did not prove niacin sufficiency. This does not establish a modern intake threshold or demonstrate a corn toxin.
nutrient_topic
Niacin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Niacin (vitamin B3)
organism
Homo sapiens
plain_language
Replacing the missing precursor helped, but different tissues recovered at different speeds.
primary_references
[nia-clin-goldsmith1952] Studies of niacin requirement in man. I. Experimental pellagra in subjects on corn diets low in niacin and tryptophan. (1952). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14938430/ DOI: 10.1172/jci102638
supplementary_evidence_spans
[{"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/goldsmith1952.txt", "start_char": 17970, "end_char": 19288, "file_sha256": "2d4004fb5985f80c8e44909506e1aa05b6eefd838f4c28102beac30fb3092bc5", "text_sha256": "238677e2a2fecb4a81c2eed519676bf50bb7d9a3884042ec46934c8a3a570c3a", "locator": "Table IV: subject-specific niacinamide regimens"}]
tissue_or_cell_type
Skin, oral and intestinal mucosa
trigger_kind
nutrient_deficiency Imported condition classification; unverified.
Niacin: NAD metabolism, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1220–1233
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Historical metabolic-ward restriction; seven women, with three prolonged corn-diet cases developing pellagra · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### nia-clin-pellagra-niacinamide-recovery In the two subjects treated with niacinamide, subjective improvement began within 24–48 hours; oral lesions generally healed within a week, while tongue papillae and some skin lesions took longer. Condition category: nutrient_deficiency nutrient_topic: Niacin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Replacing the missing precursor helped, but different tissues recovered at different speeds. organism: Homo sapiens tissue_or_cell_type: Skin, oral and intestinal mucosa experimental_model: Historical metabolic-ward restriction; seven women, with three prolonged corn-diet cases developing pellagra limitations: Very small nonrandomized historical experiment. Diets and exposure durations differed; signs were not universal. Nitrogen balance did not prove niacin sufficiency. This does not establish a modern intake threshold or demonstrate a corn toxin. exposure: Corn diet about 4.7 mg niacin and 190 mg tryptophan/day; other B-vitamin supplements; 40–135 days depending on subject; subsequent niacinamide or DL-tryptophan; Table IV: subject 4 began niacinamide 10 mg three times daily, later 50 mg three times daily; subject 5 received a 50 mg test dose, then 10 mg three times daily, later 25 mg three times daily. Historical study regimens, not individualized treatment instructions. cross_nutrient: Niacin (vitamin B3) (repleted_nutrient) evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/goldsmith1952.txt", "locator": "Primary full report; exact character range, zero-based and end-exclusive", "file_sha256": "2d4004fb5985f80c8e44909506e1aa05b6eefd838f4c28102beac30fb3092bc5", "start_char": 16399, "end_char": 17420, "text_sha256": "6b1cded5e0f16d68d3efb6aed24a292273030279ca9d21168b0ca00aa529e0c1"} supplementary_evidence_spans: [{"source_cache": "artifacts/niacin-clinical-sources/goldsmith1952.txt", "start_char": 17970, "end_char": 19288, "file_sha256": "2d4004fb5985f80c8e44909506e1aa05b6eefd838f4c28102beac30fb3092bc5", "text_sha256": "238677e2a2fecb4a81c2eed519676bf50bb7d9a3884042ec46934c8a3a570c3a", "locator": "Table IV: subject-specific niacinamide regimens"}] [nia-clin-goldsmith1952] Studies of niacin requirement in man. I. Experimental pellagra in subjects on corn diets low in niacin and tryptophan. (1952). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14938430/ DOI: 10.1172/jci102638
Complete structured claim and evidence

The events it takes part in

A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.

Situations it appears in

Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

Open hypotheses

Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.

This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

Pellagra clinical lesions