Component
Systemic exposure to intact catalytically active nattokinase after oral dosing
The step every direct-proteolysis mechanism in this chapter depends on, and the one nothing in the retrieved evidence measures. EFSA concluded the submitted data did not allow a conclusion on the absorption of active nattokinase or any functional metabolite.
2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
EFSA concluded that the information provided on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion did not allow conclusions to be drawn on the absorption of active nattokinase or any functional metabolites derived from it.
Experimental context and source evidence
- duration
- Dossier review
- evidence_access
- EFSA Journal opinion retrieved and read in full during this curation. Quoted figures are from the opinion text and its specification tables.
- experimental_model
- Regulatory assessment
- exposure
- NSK-SD, up to 100 mg/day
- limitations
- The Panel noted in the same passage that nattokinase has in vitro fibrinolytic activity and in vivo thrombolytic activity in animals when administered parenterally, which is the distinction this chapter turns on. An applicant assay of the softgel product at pH 2.0 mimicking gastric fluid was submitted; the opinion records that the results were provided but does not state what they showed.
- organism
- Regulatory assessment
- plain_language
- EFSA concluded that the information provided on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion did not allow conclusions to be drawn on the absorption of active nattokinase or any functional metabolites derived from it.
- primary_references
- Safety of fermented soybean extract NSK-SD as a novel food. (2016) DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4541 Not indexed in PubMed.
- route
- In vivo, oral
- tissue
- Whole-body disposition
Nattokinase: what the purified enzyme cleaves, what survives being eaten, and the gap between the two (2026-09-23) · lines 840–840
Original AI-assisted curation built from a supplied entity-first document of 105 entities and 129 claims. Every reference in that document was resolved against live PubMed with its abstract read and its DOI cross-checked on 2026-09-23, and the EFSA novel-food opinion was retrieved and read in full. That check corrected two PMIDs that pointed at unrelated papers, two DOIs, and two papers recorded as carrying no erratum that do carry one; it also reversed three findings the supplied document had stated backwards. Two papers carry a published correction, recorded as such and not as a retraction. Three sources are not indexed in PubMed and are cited by what they have. Laboratory lineages are recorded, so the four papers from one group, the three from another and the two readings of a single applicant dossier cannot be counted as separate lines of support. Study-specific doses, units, populations and limitations retained; activity units are never converted between systems. Not publisher full text. · supports · Regulatory assessment · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
EFSA concluded that the information provided on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion did not allow conclusions to be drawn on the absorption of active nattokinase or any functional metabolites derived from it.
Complete structured claim and evidenceA polyclonal ELISA signal does not by itself distinguish intact catalytically active nattokinase from fragments, complexes or cross-reactive material.
Experimental context and source evidence
- duration
- Not stated here
- evidence_access
- Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
- experimental_model
- Human
- exposure
- Anti-nattokinase polyclonal capture ELISA
- limitations
- Recorded as an assay-scope limit, not as a negative finding. No study in the retrieved evidence immunocaptured the material and then measured catalytic activity on a substrate.
- organism
- Human
- plain_language
- A polyclonal ELISA signal does not by itself distinguish intact catalytically active nattokinase from fragments, complexes or cross-reactive material.
- primary_references
- A pilot study on the serum pharmacokinetics of nattokinase in humans following a single, oral, daily dose. (2013) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23709455/
- route
- In vivo, oral
- tissue
- Serum
Nattokinase: what the purified enzyme cleaves, what survives being eaten, and the gap between the two (2026-09-23) · lines 829–829
Original AI-assisted curation built from a supplied entity-first document of 105 entities and 129 claims. Every reference in that document was resolved against live PubMed with its abstract read and its DOI cross-checked on 2026-09-23, and the EFSA novel-food opinion was retrieved and read in full. That check corrected two PMIDs that pointed at unrelated papers, two DOIs, and two papers recorded as carrying no erratum that do carry one; it also reversed three findings the supplied document had stated backwards. Two papers carry a published correction, recorded as such and not as a retraction. Three sources are not indexed in PubMed and are cited by what they have. Laboratory lineages are recorded, so the four papers from one group, the three from another and the two readings of a single applicant dossier cannot be counted as separate lines of support. Study-specific doses, units, populations and limitations retained; activity units are never converted between systems. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
A polyclonal ELISA signal does not by itself distinguish intact catalytically active nattokinase from fragments, complexes or cross-reactive material.
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.