Component

Objective tumour response rate

Objective tumour response rate. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

What acts on it

  1. One patient developed a dose-limiting toxicity of transient self-limiting hepatic transaminase elevation 5 days after starting beta-glucan at 120 milligrams per kilogram per day, overall 1, 3, 12 and 24 evaluable patients had complete response, partial response, stable and progressive disease respectively at the end of treatment, positive human anti-mouse antibody response and dectin-1 rs3901533 polymorphism were associated with better overall survival, and beta-glucan dose level and serum beta-glucan levels did not correlate with response.

    Yeast beta-(1->3)/(1->6)-glucan → Objective tumour response rate source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/34944886.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ebbaee1e57b37044ff51d85d98d519101169e09a734d420c8bce53faab1d19f0", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1471, "text_sha256": "ebbaee1e57b37044ff51d85d98d519101169e09a734d420c8bce53faab1d19f0"}
    experimental_model
    Phase I dose escalation of oral yeast glucan with an anti-GD2 antibody across cohorts of three to six patients
    exposure
    Oral yeast beta-glucan escalated from 10 to 200 milligrams per kilogram per day for 17 days with intravenous 3F8 antibody
    limitations
    A single-arm phase I with no control for the antibody alone, so the glucan contribution to any response cannot be isolated. Forty-four patients completed 141 cycles and forty were evaluable at end of treatment.
    nutrient_topic
    Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. · Beta-glucan
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Across a twentyfold range of doses, how much was taken did not predict who responded; a receptor gene variant did.
    primary_references
    [bg-p34944886] Phase I Trial of Oral Yeast-Derived β-Glucan to Enhance Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy of Resistant High-Risk Neuroblastoma. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34944886/ DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246265
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Relapsed or refractory high-risk neuroblastoma

    Beta-glucan: a structural family rather than an agent, what decides whether a bound glucan actually signals, the complement route that a cereal and a yeast preparation share, and the unequal human evidence behind each (2026-09-22) · lines 346–357

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Phase I dose escalation of oral yeast glucan with an anti-GD2 antibody across cohorts of three to six patients · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### bg-dose-did-not-track-response One patient developed a dose-limiting toxicity of transient self-limiting hepatic transaminase elevation 5 days after starting beta-glucan at 120 milligrams per kilogram per day, overall 1, 3, 12 and 24 evaluable patients had complete response, partial response, stable and progressive disease respectively at the end of treatment, positive human anti-mouse antibody response and dectin-1 rs3901533 polymorphism were associated with better overall survival, and beta-glucan dose level and serum beta-glucan levels did not correlate with response. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. plain_language: Across a twentyfold range of doses, how much was taken did not predict who responded; a receptor gene variant did. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Relapsed or refractory high-risk neuroblastoma experimental_model: Phase I dose escalation of oral yeast glucan with an anti-GD2 antibody across cohorts of three to six patients limitations: A single-arm phase I with no control for the antibody alone, so the glucan contribution to any response cannot be isolated. Forty-four patients completed 141 cycles and forty were evaluable at end of treatment. exposure: Oral yeast beta-glucan escalated from 10 to 200 milligrams per kilogram per day for 17 days with intravenous 3F8 antibody evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/34944886.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ebbaee1e57b37044ff51d85d98d519101169e09a734d420c8bce53faab1d19f0", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1471, "text_sha256": "ebbaee1e57b37044ff51d85d98d519101169e09a734d420c8bce53faab1d19f0"} [bg-p34944886] Phase I Trial of Oral Yeast-Derived β-Glucan to Enhance Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy of Resistant High-Risk Neuroblastoma. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34944886/ DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246265
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Objective response rate based on blinded central radiology review was higher in the BTH1677 arm versus control but the difference between groups was not statistically significant at 60.4% versus 43.5% with P = .2096, all other clinical endpoints also favoured the BTH1677 arm but none statistically differed between arms, and although a higher incidence of Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in the BTH1677 versus control arm at 93.2% versus 66.7% no unexpected adverse events were observed while serious adverse events and discontinuations due to adverse events were lower.

    Imprime PGG / BTH1677, a soluble yeast beta-(1->3)/(1->6)-glucan → Objective tumour response rate source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/29486797.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7e4ff586490d7fdbefa5e817f7ee8b59c72e666bfb473620331f2fb178f46789", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2024, "text_sha256": "7e4ff586490d7fdbefa5e817f7ee8b59c72e666bfb473620331f2fb178f46789"}
    experimental_model
    Randomised controlled phase II trial with blinded central radiology review as the primary read
    exposure
    BTH1677 4 milligrams per kilogram weekly with bevacizumab, carboplatin and paclitaxel against the same backbone alone
    limitations
    Ninety-two patients randomised 61 to 31, with response read centrally. A higher rate of grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred on the glucan arm.
    nutrient_topic
    Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. · Beta-glucan
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    A second trial pointed the same way on every measure and reached statistical significance on none of them.
    primary_references
    [bg-p29486797] A randomized, controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of BTH1677 in combination with bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel in first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29486797/ DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0324-z
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer

    Beta-glucan: a structural family rather than an agent, what decides whether a bound glucan actually signals, the complement route that a cereal and a yeast preparation share, and the unequal human evidence behind each (2026-09-22) · lines 320–331

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomised controlled phase II trial with blinded central radiology review as the primary read · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### bg-second-trial-not-significant Objective response rate based on blinded central radiology review was higher in the BTH1677 arm versus control but the difference between groups was not statistically significant at 60.4% versus 43.5% with P = .2096, all other clinical endpoints also favoured the BTH1677 arm but none statistically differed between arms, and although a higher incidence of Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in the BTH1677 versus control arm at 93.2% versus 66.7% no unexpected adverse events were observed while serious adverse events and discontinuations due to adverse events were lower. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. plain_language: A second trial pointed the same way on every measure and reached statistical significance on none of them. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer experimental_model: Randomised controlled phase II trial with blinded central radiology review as the primary read limitations: Ninety-two patients randomised 61 to 31, with response read centrally. A higher rate of grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred on the glucan arm. exposure: BTH1677 4 milligrams per kilogram weekly with bevacizumab, carboplatin and paclitaxel against the same backbone alone evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/29486797.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "7e4ff586490d7fdbefa5e817f7ee8b59c72e666bfb473620331f2fb178f46789", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2024, "text_sha256": "7e4ff586490d7fdbefa5e817f7ee8b59c72e666bfb473620331f2fb178f46789"} [bg-p29486797] A randomized, controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of BTH1677 in combination with bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel in first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29486797/ DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0324-z
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Compared to control treatment the addition of BTH1677 numerically increased objective response rate by both investigator review at 47.8% versus 23.1% with p=0.0468 and central review at 36.6% versus 23.1% with p=0.2895, no other endpoints differed between arms, BTH1677 was well tolerated with adverse events expected of the backbone therapy predominating, and biomarker-positive patients displayed better objective response rate and overall survival than negative patients.

    Imprime PGG / BTH1677, a soluble yeast beta-(1->3)/(1->6)-glucan → Objective tumour response rate source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/28303530.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "1647608a80fde3f663b90783006859ae85ed15bc718a8d9031ba5acdb586eb7b", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2002, "text_sha256": "1647608a80fde3f663b90783006859ae85ed15bc718a8d9031ba5acdb586eb7b"}
    experimental_model
    Randomised open-label multicentre phase II trial with both investigator and blinded central radiology review
    exposure
    BTH1677 4 milligrams per kilogram weekly with cetuximab, carboplatin and paclitaxel against the same backbone alone, randomised 2 to 1
    limitations
    Ninety patients, open-label, with the primary response endpoint read twice. The two reads disagree, which is the finding.
    nutrient_topic
    Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. · Beta-glucan
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    The doctors running the trial saw twice the response rate; the blinded reviewers saw a smaller difference that could have been chance.
    primary_references
    [bg-p28303530] A randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase II study evaluating the efficacy and safety of BTH1677 (1,3-1,6 beta glucan; Imprime PGG) in combination with cetuximab and chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28303530/ DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0450-3
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Advanced non-small cell lung cancer

    Beta-glucan: a structural family rather than an agent, what decides whether a bound glucan actually signals, the complement route that a cereal and a yeast preparation share, and the unequal human evidence behind each (2026-09-22) · lines 307–318

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Randomised open-label multicentre phase II trial with both investigator and blinded central radiology review · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### bg-the-two-reads-disagree Compared to control treatment the addition of BTH1677 numerically increased objective response rate by both investigator review at 47.8% versus 23.1% with p=0.0468 and central review at 36.6% versus 23.1% with p=0.2895, no other endpoints differed between arms, BTH1677 was well tolerated with adverse events expected of the backbone therapy predominating, and biomarker-positive patients displayed better objective response rate and overall survival than negative patients. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. plain_language: The doctors running the trial saw twice the response rate; the blinded reviewers saw a smaller difference that could have been chance. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer experimental_model: Randomised open-label multicentre phase II trial with both investigator and blinded central radiology review limitations: Ninety patients, open-label, with the primary response endpoint read twice. The two reads disagree, which is the finding. exposure: BTH1677 4 milligrams per kilogram weekly with cetuximab, carboplatin and paclitaxel against the same backbone alone, randomised 2 to 1 evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/28303530.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "1647608a80fde3f663b90783006859ae85ed15bc718a8d9031ba5acdb586eb7b", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2002, "text_sha256": "1647608a80fde3f663b90783006859ae85ed15bc718a8d9031ba5acdb586eb7b"} [bg-p28303530] A randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase II study evaluating the efficacy and safety of BTH1677 (1,3-1,6 beta glucan; Imprime PGG) in combination with cetuximab and chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28303530/ DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0450-3
    Complete structured claim and evidence

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Confirmed objective response rate was 10% with one complete and two partial responses, median progression-free survival was 2.6 months and median overall survival was 11.1 months, prior immunotherapy negatively influenced overall survival with a hazard ratio of 2.95, and the combination of Imprime and pembrolizumab is tolerable but did not improve the outcome of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer patients who previously progressed on anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 immunotherapies.

    Imprime PGG / BTH1677, a soluble yeast beta-(1->3)/(1->6)-glucan → Progression-free survival in high-grade glioma source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/39670007.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2aad97fa3dcbfbdcedfc88a4fbcad902de0cbade16dcf3c94b26a9c6960ced38", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2076, "text_sha256": "2aad97fa3dcbfbdcedfc88a4fbcad902de0cbade16dcf3c94b26a9c6960ced38"}
    experimental_model
    Investigator-initiated multi-institutional single-arm phase Ib/II trial in previously treated patients
    exposure
    Imprime PGG at the 4 milligram per kilogram maximum tolerated dose with pembrolizumab
    limitations
    Single-arm with no randomised comparator, in patients who had already progressed on checkpoint blockade. Thirty patients were evaluable for efficacy.
    nutrient_topic
    Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. · Beta-glucan
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Added to a checkpoint drug in patients who had already failed one, it did not help.
    primary_references
    [bg-p39670007] Phase Ib/II study of imprime PGG and pembrolizumab in patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): BTCRC LUN 15-017. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39670007/ DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-346
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Advanced non-small cell lung cancer

    Beta-glucan: a structural family rather than an agent, what decides whether a bound glucan actually signals, the complement route that a cereal and a yeast preparation share, and the unequal human evidence behind each (2026-09-22) · lines 333–344

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Investigator-initiated multi-institutional single-arm phase Ib/II trial in previously treated patients · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### bg-no-benefit-with-pembrolizumab Confirmed objective response rate was 10% with one complete and two partial responses, median progression-free survival was 2.6 months and median overall survival was 11.1 months, prior immunotherapy negatively influenced overall survival with a hazard ratio of 2.95, and the combination of Imprime and pembrolizumab is tolerable but did not improve the outcome of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer patients who previously progressed on anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 immunotherapies. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Beta-glucan research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and each preparation is recorded as its own entity with no family link joining any pair. plain_language: Added to a checkpoint drug in patients who had already failed one, it did not help. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer experimental_model: Investigator-initiated multi-institutional single-arm phase Ib/II trial in previously treated patients limitations: Single-arm with no randomised comparator, in patients who had already progressed on checkpoint blockade. Thirty patients were evaluable for efficacy. exposure: Imprime PGG at the 4 milligram per kilogram maximum tolerated dose with pembrolizumab evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/glucan-research/39670007.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2aad97fa3dcbfbdcedfc88a4fbcad902de0cbade16dcf3c94b26a9c6960ced38", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 2076, "text_sha256": "2aad97fa3dcbfbdcedfc88a4fbcad902de0cbade16dcf3c94b26a9c6960ced38"} [bg-p39670007] Phase Ib/II study of imprime PGG and pembrolizumab in patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): BTCRC LUN 15-017. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39670007/ DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-346
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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