Component
Mycobacterial efflux pumps
Mycobacterial efflux pumps. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, the two most abundant capsaicinoids in Capsicum species, proved to be superior efflux pump inhibitors compared with the standard verapamil in an ethidium bromide accumulation assay in mycobacteria, and a dilution series showed dose dependency of both compounds.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/dihydrocapsaicin-research/30428416.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f94c6eead19764b3486e3cf015e5083de38b48d72f88cf31826a75fadb8a6fa3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1034, "text_sha256": "f94c6eead19764b3486e3cf015e5083de38b48d72f88cf31826a75fadb8a6fa3"}
- experimental_model
- Ethidium bromide accumulation assay in Mycobacterium smegmatis with natural and synthetic capsaicinoids and capsinoids
- exposure
- Natural and synthetic capsaicinoids and synthetic capsinoids, against verapamil as the standard efflux pump inhibitor
- limitations
- A bacterial assay with a recognised positive control. Efflux inhibition in M. smegmatis is a model for, not a demonstration of, activity against pathogenic mycobacteria.
- nutrient_topic
- Dihydrocapsaicin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and dihydrocapsaicin is recorded separately from capsaicin. · Dihydrocapsaicin
- organism
- Mycobacterium smegmatis
- plain_language
- Both compounds jam the pumps bacteria use to spit out antibiotics, better than the drug normally used for this.
- primary_references
- [dhc-p30428416] Resistance modulatory and efflux-inhibitory activities of capsaicinoids and capsinoids. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30428416/ DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.062
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Bacterial cell
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Ethidium bromide accumulation assay in Mycobacterium smegmatis with natural and synthetic capsaicinoids and capsinoids · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### dhc-efflux-pump-inhibition Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, the two most abundant capsaicinoids in Capsicum species, proved to be superior efflux pump inhibitors compared with the standard verapamil in an ethidium bromide accumulation assay in mycobacteria, and a dilution series showed dose dependency of both compounds. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Dihydrocapsaicin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and dihydrocapsaicin is recorded separately from capsaicin. plain_language: Both compounds jam the pumps bacteria use to spit out antibiotics, better than the drug normally used for this. organism: Mycobacterium smegmatis tissue_or_cell_type: Bacterial cell experimental_model: Ethidium bromide accumulation assay in Mycobacterium smegmatis with natural and synthetic capsaicinoids and capsinoids limitations: A bacterial assay with a recognised positive control. Efflux inhibition in M. smegmatis is a model for, not a demonstration of, activity against pathogenic mycobacteria. exposure: Natural and synthetic capsaicinoids and synthetic capsinoids, against verapamil as the standard efflux pump inhibitor evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/dihydrocapsaicin-research/30428416.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f94c6eead19764b3486e3cf015e5083de38b48d72f88cf31826a75fadb8a6fa3", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1034, "text_sha256": "f94c6eead19764b3486e3cf015e5083de38b48d72f88cf31826a75fadb8a6fa3"} [dhc-p30428416] Resistance modulatory and efflux-inhibitory activities of capsaicinoids and capsinoids. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30428416/ DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.062
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.