Component
Microbial conversion of choline to trimethylamine
Microbial conversion of choline to trimethylamine. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Berberine inhibited choline-to-TMA conversion in bacterial cultures and gut consortia, including human fecal samples.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/33863898.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a81ea95bbf1d7f7f1e924998b9e02bc29d908d759dd575ffdf9c56bf4deb9b77", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1309, "text_sha256": "a81ea95bbf1d7f7f1e924998b9e02bc29d908d759dd575ffdf9c56bf4deb9b77"}
- experimental_model
- Choline tracer, microbial culture, microbiome transfer and atherosclerosis models
- exposure
- Choline-supplemented chow and berberine; deuterated choline tracing
- limitations
- Human fecal culture is not a human treatment trial. Reduced TMAO in mice does not establish fewer human cardiovascular events or justify reducing essential choline intake.
- nutrient_topic
- Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Berberine
- organism
- C57BL/6J and ApoE-knockout mice; bacterial cultures and human fecal consortia
- plain_language
- The nutrient choline has a microbial metabolic branch that berberine can influence.
- primary_references
- [berberine-p33863898] Berberine attenuates choline-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting trimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide production via manipulating the gut microbiome. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33863898/ DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00205-8
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Microbial choline metabolism
Berberine: metabolism, nutrient connections and drug interactions (2026-09-17) · lines 1078–1089
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Choline tracer, microbial culture, microbiome transfer and atherosclerosis models · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### berberine-choline-tma Berberine inhibited choline-to-TMA conversion in bacterial cultures and gut consortia, including human fecal samples. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: The nutrient choline has a microbial metabolic branch that berberine can influence. organism: C57BL/6J and ApoE-knockout mice; bacterial cultures and human fecal consortia tissue_or_cell_type: Microbial choline metabolism experimental_model: Choline tracer, microbial culture, microbiome transfer and atherosclerosis models limitations: Human fecal culture is not a human treatment trial. Reduced TMAO in mice does not establish fewer human cardiovascular events or justify reducing essential choline intake. exposure: Choline-supplemented chow and berberine; deuterated choline tracing evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/berberine-research/33863898.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "a81ea95bbf1d7f7f1e924998b9e02bc29d908d759dd575ffdf9c56bf4deb9b77", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1309, "text_sha256": "a81ea95bbf1d7f7f1e924998b9e02bc29d908d759dd575ffdf9c56bf4deb9b77"} [berberine-p33863898] Berberine attenuates choline-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting trimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide production via manipulating the gut microbiome. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33863898/ DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00205-8
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.