Component

Oxidized human LDL preparation

Human LDL oxidized in vitro; not a single chemically defined lipid or a clinical plasma LDL measurement.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Indicaxanthin pretreatment prevented the oxidized-LDL-associated decrease in ABCA1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs.

    Indicaxanthin → Human ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL
    duration
    1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation
    experimental_model
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    limitations
    Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed.
    nutrient_topic
    Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved. · Indicaxanthin
    organism
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    plain_language
    Indicaxanthin pretreatment prevented the oxidized-LDL-associated decrease in ABCA1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs.
    primary_references
    Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846
    route
    In vitro pretreatment and challenge
    tissue
    Endothelial culture

    Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 349–358

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## indicaxanthin-endothelial-abca1 Indicaxanthin pretreatment prevented the oxidized-LDL-associated decrease in ABCA1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs. Model/species: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs Tissue: Endothelial culture Exposure: Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL Route: In vitro pretreatment and challenge Duration: 1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure Limits: Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed. Primary reference: Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846 Access: Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. Indicaxanthin pretreatment reduced oxidized-LDL-induced ICAM1 mRNA and protein increases in HUVECs.

    Indicaxanthin → Human intercellular adhesion molecule 1 / ICAM1 source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL
    duration
    1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation
    experimental_model
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    limitations
    Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed.
    nutrient_topic
    Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved. · Indicaxanthin
    organism
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    plain_language
    Indicaxanthin pretreatment reduced oxidized-LDL-induced ICAM1 mRNA and protein increases in HUVECs.
    primary_references
    Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846
    route
    In vitro pretreatment and challenge
    tissue
    Endothelial culture

    Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 360–369

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## indicaxanthin-endothelial-icam1 Indicaxanthin pretreatment reduced oxidized-LDL-induced ICAM1 mRNA and protein increases in HUVECs. Model/species: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs Tissue: Endothelial culture Exposure: Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL Route: In vitro pretreatment and challenge Duration: 1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure Limits: Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed. Primary reference: Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846 Access: Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Indicaxanthin pretreatment suppressed oxidized-LDL-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in HUVECs.

    Indicaxanthin → NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in human HUVECs source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL
    duration
    1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation
    experimental_model
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    limitations
    Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed.
    nutrient_topic
    Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved. · Indicaxanthin
    organism
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    plain_language
    Indicaxanthin pretreatment suppressed oxidized-LDL-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in HUVECs.
    primary_references
    Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846
    route
    In vitro pretreatment and challenge
    tissue
    Endothelial culture

    Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 338–347

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## indicaxanthin-endothelial-nfkb Indicaxanthin pretreatment suppressed oxidized-LDL-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in HUVECs. Model/species: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs Tissue: Endothelial culture Exposure: Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL Route: In vitro pretreatment and challenge Duration: 1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure Limits: Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed. Primary reference: Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846 Access: Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. Indicaxanthin pretreatment reduced oxidized-LDL-induced VCAM1 mRNA and protein increases in HUVECs.

    Indicaxanthin → Human vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 / VCAM1 source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    dose
    Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL
    duration
    1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure
    evidence_access
    Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    evidence_scope
    literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation
    experimental_model
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    limitations
    Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed.
    nutrient_topic
    Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved. · Indicaxanthin
    organism
    Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs
    plain_language
    Indicaxanthin pretreatment reduced oxidized-LDL-induced VCAM1 mRNA and protein increases in HUVECs.
    primary_references
    Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846
    route
    In vitro pretreatment and challenge
    tissue
    Endothelial culture

    Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20) · lines 371–380

    Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## indicaxanthin-endothelial-vcam1 Indicaxanthin pretreatment reduced oxidized-LDL-induced VCAM1 mRNA and protein increases in HUVECs. Model/species: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells / HUVECs Tissue: Endothelial culture Exposure: Indicaxanthin 5-20 micromolar; human oxidized LDL 100 micrograms/mL Route: In vitro pretreatment and challenge Duration: 1 h pretreatment followed by 16 h oxidized-LDL exposure Limits: Expression rescue does not demonstrate plaque regression or ABCA1 cholesterol-efflux flux. Primary-source metadata check found no correction/retraction link; broader integrity not assessed. Primary reference: Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911345/ DOI: 10.1155/2019/3457846 Access: Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards