Component
NAD regeneration in metformin-treated cancer cells
Context-specific entity; species, compartment and exposure are stated on each claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What acts on it
Pyruvate supplied an alternative electron-acceptor route for NAD+ regeneration and aspartate synthesis, reducing the antiproliferative effect of metformin in the tested cancer cells.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_access
- Primary full text
- experimental_model
- Cancer-cell culture, complex-I-dependent respiration and nutrient manipulation.
- limitations
- Experimental concentrations and culture composition matter; not a medication adjustment or claim that metformin has one mechanism in all tissues.
- nutrient_topic
- NAD+ collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit. · NAD+
- plain_language
- Available nutrients can change the effect of an inhibitor on the same pathway.
- primary_references
- Environment Dictates Dependence on Mitochondrial Complex I for NAD+ and Aspartate Production and Determines Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Metformin. · 2016 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27746050/ · DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.006
NAD+: compartmental supply, consumption and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19) · lines 220–226
AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cancer-cell culture, complex-I-dependent respiration and nutrient manipulation. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## nad-plus-pyruvate-metformin Available nutrients can change the effect of an inhibitor on the same pathway. Pyruvate supplied an alternative electron-acceptor route for NAD+ regeneration and aspartate synthesis, reducing the antiproliferative effect of metformin in the tested cancer cells. Model: Cancer-cell culture, complex-I-dependent respiration and nutrient manipulation. Limitations: Experimental concentrations and culture composition matter; not a medication adjustment or claim that metformin has one mechanism in all tissues. Evidence access: Primary full text Environment Dictates Dependence on Mitochondrial Complex I for NAD+ and Aspartate Production and Determines Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Metformin. · 2016 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27746050/ · DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.006
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.