Component
Hemicholinium-3
Hemicholinium-3. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What it acts on
Hemicholinium-3 inhibited human CHT1-mediated uptake with a reported Ki of 1.3 nM.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/11068039.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f9885c7f9525456b2c9eac0865a1f86cda2cf8f26cd6a8e34c212218f3a22bd5", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1088, "text_sha256": "f9885c7f9525456b2c9eac0865a1f86cda2cf8f26cd6a8e34c212218f3a22bd5"}
- experimental_model
- Human CHT1 expression in Xenopus oocytes
- exposure
- Choline, sodium and chloride titrations; hemicholinium-3 inhibition
- limitations
- Assay EC50 values and Hill coefficients are not dietary requirements or exact ion-coupling stoichiometry.
- nutrient_topic
- Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. · Choline
- organism
- Human transporter; Xenopus oocyte host
- plain_language
- Blocking entry can limit choline availability even when choline is outside the cell.
- primary_references
- [choline-p11068039] Functional characterization of the human high-affinity choline transporter. (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11068039/ DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02134-7
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Plasma-membrane transport assay
Choline: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17) · lines 321–332
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human CHT1 expression in Xenopus oocytes · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### choline-cht1-inhibitor Hemicholinium-3 inhibited human CHT1-mediated uptake with a reported Ki of 1.3 nM. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect. plain_language: Blocking entry can limit choline availability even when choline is outside the cell. organism: Human transporter; Xenopus oocyte host tissue_or_cell_type: Plasma-membrane transport assay experimental_model: Human CHT1 expression in Xenopus oocytes limitations: Assay EC50 values and Hill coefficients are not dietary requirements or exact ion-coupling stoichiometry. exposure: Choline, sodium and chloride titrations; hemicholinium-3 inhibition evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/choline-research/11068039.abstract.txt", "locator": "Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "f9885c7f9525456b2c9eac0865a1f86cda2cf8f26cd6a8e34c212218f3a22bd5", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1088, "text_sha256": "f9885c7f9525456b2c9eac0865a1f86cda2cf8f26cd6a8e34c212218f3a22bd5"} [choline-p11068039] Functional characterization of the human high-affinity choline transporter. (2000). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11068039/ DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02134-7
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.