Component
Geranylgeraniol / GGOH
Isoprenoid alcohol used to restore geranylgeranylation downstream of a blocked mevalonate pathway.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
What it acts on
Geranylgeraniol fully reverted statin-mediated loss of myoblast viability, while water-soluble cholesterol did not, and statins caused loss of prenylated RAP1.
Experimental context and source evidence
- duration
- Not stated here
- evidence_access
- Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
- experimental_model
- Murine C2C12 myoblasts
- exposure
- Geranylgeraniol, farnesol, mevalonate or water-soluble cholesterol co-treatment with statin
- limitations
- Cholesterol rescued only methyl-beta-cyclodextrin toxicity, and geranylgeranyltransferase inhibition with GGTI-286 could not be reversed by geranylgeraniol, so the rescue requires the transferase to be intact.
- organism
- Murine C2C12 myoblasts
- plain_language
- Geranylgeraniol fully reverted statin-mediated loss of myoblast viability, while water-soluble cholesterol did not, and statins caused loss of prenylated RAP1.
- primary_references
- Geranylgeraniol Prevents Statin-Dependent Myotoxicity in C2C12 Muscle Cells through RAP1 GTPase Prenylation and Cytoskeletal Stabilization. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29951166/ DOI: 10.1155/2018/6463807
- route
- In vitro
- tissue
- Prenylation of RAP1 and muscle cell viability
Atorvastatin: mechanism of action from target occupancy to isoprenoids, transport, muscle and metabolism (2026-09-22) · lines 122–131
Original AI-assisted curation of twelve primary studies resolved by PubMed title search and cross-checked against live PubMed metadata. Findings obtained with mevastatin, simvastatin or the statin class are recorded against those subjects. Study-specific citations, doses, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text. · supports · · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## geranylgeraniol-rescues-statin-myotoxicity Geranylgeraniol fully reverted statin-mediated loss of myoblast viability, while water-soluble cholesterol did not, and statins caused loss of prenylated RAP1. Model/species: Murine C2C12 myoblasts Tissue/system: Prenylation of RAP1 and muscle cell viability Exposure: Geranylgeraniol, farnesol, mevalonate or water-soluble cholesterol co-treatment with statin Route: In vitro Duration: Not stated here Limits: Cholesterol rescued only methyl-beta-cyclodextrin toxicity, and geranylgeranyltransferase inhibition with GGTI-286 could not be reversed by geranylgeraniol, so the rescue requires the transferase to be intact. Primary reference: Geranylgeraniol Prevents Statin-Dependent Myotoxicity in C2C12 Muscle Cells through RAP1 GTPase Prenylation and Cytoskeletal Stabilization. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29951166/ DOI: 10.1155/2018/6463807 Access: Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.