Temozolomide: molecular mechanisms & dependencies

How nutrients influence it

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Human evidence only

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

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What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

Where it participates (unsigned role)

In 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma given mebendazole with adjuvant temozolomide, four patients at 200 milligrams per kilogram per day developed elevated grade 3 alanine aminotransferase or aspartate transaminase after one month which reversed with lower dosing or discontinuation, plasma levels were variable but generally increased with dose, and mebendazole at doses up to 200 milligrams per kilogram demonstrated long-term safety and acceptable toxicity.
Mebendazole → Elevation of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/33506200.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1712, "text_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6"}
experimental_model
Single-centre dose-escalation and safety study in 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma
exposure
Oral mebendazole at 25, 50, 100 and 200 milligrams per kilogram per day with adjuvant temozolomide, with trough plasma levels at 4, 8 and 16 weeks
limitations
The only human oncology record here. It is a single-arm dose-escalation and safety study without a control group, so the survival figures cannot be read as efficacy.
nutrient_topic
Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
organism
Human
plain_language
At the highest dose one patient in six developed liver enzyme rises that reversed on stopping.
primary_references
[mbz-p33506200] Mebendazole and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas: results of a phase 1 clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33506200/ DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa154
tissue_or_cell_type
Brain
Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 576–587
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Single-centre dose-escalation and safety study in 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### mbz-human-dose-escalation In 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma given mebendazole with adjuvant temozolomide, four patients at 200 milligrams per kilogram per day developed elevated grade 3 alanine aminotransferase or aspartate transaminase after one month which reversed with lower dosing or discontinuation, plasma levels were variable but generally increased with dose, and mebendazole at doses up to 200 milligrams per kilogram demonstrated long-term safety and acceptable toxicity. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: At the highest dose one patient in six developed liver enzyme rises that reversed on stopping. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Brain experimental_model: Single-centre dose-escalation and safety study in 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma limitations: The only human oncology record here. It is a single-arm dose-escalation and safety study without a control group, so the survival figures cannot be read as efficacy. exposure: Oral mebendazole at 25, 50, 100 and 200 milligrams per kilogram per day with adjuvant temozolomide, with trough plasma levels at 4, 8 and 16 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/33506200.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1712, "text_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6"} [mbz-p33506200] Mebendazole and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas: results of a phase 1 clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33506200/ DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa154
Complete structured claim and evidence
Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 21-month median overall survival with 41.7% of patients alive at 2 years and 25% at 3 and 4 years, and median progression-free survival from diagnosis was 13.1 months for 17 patients taking more than one month of mebendazole against 9.2 months for 7 patients who received less than one month, with the authors concluding that further studies are needed to determine efficacy in malignant glioma.
Mebendazole → Progression-free survival in high-grade glioma source_derived_draftungraded
Experimental context and source evidence
evidence_span
{"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/33506200.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1712, "text_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6"}
experimental_model
Single-centre dose-escalation and safety study in 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma
exposure
Oral mebendazole at 25, 50, 100 and 200 milligrams per kilogram per day with adjuvant temozolomide, with trough plasma levels at 4, 8 and 16 weeks
limitations
The only human oncology record here. It is a single-arm dose-escalation and safety study without a control group, so the survival figures cannot be read as efficacy.
nutrient_topic
Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
organism
Human
plain_language
Patients who stayed on it longer did better, but there was no control group and staying on a drug longer is itself a sign of doing well.
primary_references
[mbz-p33506200] Mebendazole and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas: results of a phase 1 clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33506200/ DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa154
tissue_or_cell_type
Brain
Mebendazole: the tubulin it binds, why that is selective, the crystal form that decides whether any of it works, and the off-target that became an oncology programme (2026-09-22) · lines 589–600
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Single-centre dose-escalation and safety study in 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### mbz-uncontrolled-survival-figures Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 21-month median overall survival with 41.7% of patients alive at 2 years and 25% at 3 and 4 years, and median progression-free survival from diagnosis was 13.1 months for 17 patients taking more than one month of mebendazole against 9.2 months for 7 patients who received less than one month, with the authors concluding that further studies are needed to determine efficacy in malignant glioma. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: Patients who stayed on it longer did better, but there was no control group and staying on a drug longer is itself a sign of doing well. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Brain experimental_model: Single-centre dose-escalation and safety study in 24 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma limitations: The only human oncology record here. It is a single-arm dose-escalation and safety study without a control group, so the survival figures cannot be read as efficacy. exposure: Oral mebendazole at 25, 50, 100 and 200 milligrams per kilogram per day with adjuvant temozolomide, with trough plasma levels at 4, 8 and 16 weeks evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/33506200.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1712, "text_sha256": "ab5f2c1d14ccb7fa9f690201326bdbfcab3e07758bc78b76ff9adec2ca774ec6"} [mbz-p33506200] Mebendazole and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas: results of a phase 1 clinical trial. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33506200/ DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa154
Complete structured claim and evidence

The events it takes part in

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Situations it appears in

Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.

In the sources

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Open hypotheses

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This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

Temozolomide