Component
Neuronal maturation
Neuronal maturation. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
Where it participates (unsigned role)
GABA is the main inhibitory transmitter in the adult brain and exerts its fast hyperpolarizing effect through activation of anion-permeant GABA-A receptors, however during early neuronal development GABA-A-receptor-mediated responses are often depolarizing, in pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus the ontogenetic change in GABA-A-mediated responses from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing is coupled to a developmental induction of the expression of the neuronal chloride-extruding potassium-chloride co-transporter KCC2, and antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of KCC2 expression produces a marked positive shift in the reversal potential of GABA-A responses in functionally mature hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
Experimental context and source evidence
- availability_state
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/gaba-research/9930699.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2ef63b1f73a7a33ae3fc709c3ace45a585604d86f9fe1bce8c83405d21cdcaa6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1181, "text_sha256": "2ef63b1f73a7a33ae3fc709c3ace45a585604d86f9fe1bce8c83405d21cdcaa6"}
- experimental_model
- Developmental comparison of GABA-A responses with antisense inhibition of the transporter
- exposure
- Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of KCC2 expression in functionally mature neurons
- limitations
- Rat hippocampal neurons. It establishes which transporter sets the gradient; it does not address other cell types.
- nutrient_topic
- GABA research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the sign of a GABA response depends on the chloride gradient of the cell it was measured in. · Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- organism
- Rat
- plain_language
- The same receptor flips from exciting to inhibiting as the cell learns to pump chloride out, and knocking the pump down flips it back.
- primary_references
- [gb-p9930699] The K+/Cl- co-transporter KCC2 renders GABA hyperpolarizing during neuronal maturation. (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9930699/ DOI: 10.1038/16697
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Hippocampal pyramidal neuron
- trigger_kind
- machinery_impairment Imported condition classification; unverified.
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Developmental comparison of GABA-A responses with antisense inhibition of the transporter · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### gb-the-transporter-sets-the-sign GABA is the main inhibitory transmitter in the adult brain and exerts its fast hyperpolarizing effect through activation of anion-permeant GABA-A receptors, however during early neuronal development GABA-A-receptor-mediated responses are often depolarizing, in pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus the ontogenetic change in GABA-A-mediated responses from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing is coupled to a developmental induction of the expression of the neuronal chloride-extruding potassium-chloride co-transporter KCC2, and antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of KCC2 expression produces a marked positive shift in the reversal potential of GABA-A responses in functionally mature hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Condition category: machinery_impairment nutrient_topic: GABA research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the sign of a GABA response depends on the chloride gradient of the cell it was measured in. plain_language: The same receptor flips from exciting to inhibiting as the cell learns to pump chloride out, and knocking the pump down flips it back. organism: Rat tissue_or_cell_type: Hippocampal pyramidal neuron experimental_model: Developmental comparison of GABA-A responses with antisense inhibition of the transporter limitations: Rat hippocampal neurons. It establishes which transporter sets the gradient; it does not address other cell types. exposure: Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of KCC2 expression in functionally mature neurons evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/gaba-research/9930699.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "2ef63b1f73a7a33ae3fc709c3ace45a585604d86f9fe1bce8c83405d21cdcaa6", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1181, "text_sha256": "2ef63b1f73a7a33ae3fc709c3ace45a585604d86f9fe1bce8c83405d21cdcaa6"} [gb-p9930699] The K+/Cl- co-transporter KCC2 renders GABA hyperpolarizing during neuronal maturation. (1999). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9930699/ DOI: 10.1038/16697
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.