Component
Estrogen receptor alpha / ESR1
Species, preparation, dose and limitations are retained on linked claims.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
Where it participates (unsigned role)
Annonacin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen additively reduced MCF-7 survival and estrogen-receptor transcriptional activity; annonacin also reduced MCF-7 xenograft growth in nude mice.
Experimental context and source evidence
- dose
- Annonacin 0.1-1 micromolar with 4-hydroxytamoxifen 1 micromolar; mouse dosing in primary article
- duration
- 48 hours in cells; 7-22 days in mice
- evidence_access
- Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
- evidence_scope
- literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation
- experimental_model
- Human MCF-7 cells and nude-mouse xenografts
- limitations
- Additivity in preclinical models is not evidence to combine graviola with tamoxifen; annonacin toxicity and pharmacokinetics remain limiting.
- nutrient_topic
- Graviola (Annona muricata) chapter; interacting nutrients, drugs, peptides and proteins retain their experimental settings. · Graviola / Annona muricata
- organism
- Human MCF-7 cells and nude-mouse xenografts
- plain_language
- Annonacin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen additively reduced MCF-7 survival and estrogen-receptor transcriptional activity; annonacin also reduced MCF-7 xenograft growth in nude mice.
- primary_references
- Annonacin induces cell cycle-dependent growth arrest and apoptosis in estrogen receptor-α-related pathways in MCF-7 cells. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21840388/ DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.056
- route
- In vitro and in vivo
- tissue
- Cell survival, ER-alpha signaling and xenograft size
Graviola (Annona muricata): mechanism of action and interactions (2026-09-20) · lines 110–119
Original AI-assisted source-specific curation with primary-study citations, model, exposure, route, duration, negative findings and limitations preserved. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human MCF-7 cells and nude-mouse xenografts · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
## graviola-tamoxifen-additivity Annonacin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen additively reduced MCF-7 survival and estrogen-receptor transcriptional activity; annonacin also reduced MCF-7 xenograft growth in nude mice. Model/species: Human MCF-7 cells and nude-mouse xenografts Tissue/system: Cell survival, ER-alpha signaling and xenograft size Exposure: Annonacin 0.1-1 micromolar with 4-hydroxytamoxifen 1 micromolar; mouse dosing in primary article Route: In vitro and in vivo Duration: 48 hours in cells; 7-22 days in mice Limits: Additivity in preclinical models is not evidence to combine graviola with tamoxifen; annonacin toxicity and pharmacokinetics remain limiting. Primary reference: Annonacin induces cell cycle-dependent growth arrest and apoptosis in estrogen receptor-α-related pathways in MCF-7 cells. (2011). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21840388/ DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.056 Access: Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.