Component
Canine cerebral cortex
Canine cerebral cortex. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
Where it participates (unsigned role)
A third distinct cyclooxygenase isozyme, COX-3, made from the cyclooxygenase-1 gene but retaining intron 1 in its messenger RNA, was described as expressed in canine cerebral cortex and as an approximately 5.2 kilobase transcript most abundant in human cerebral cortex and heart, the retained intron introducing an insertion of 30 to 34 amino acids into the hydrophobic signal peptide; canine COX-3 expressed in insect cells possessed glycosylation-dependent cyclooxygenase activity and was selectively inhibited by analgesic and antipyretic drugs such as acetaminophen, phenacetin, antipyrine and dipyrone, so that inhibition of COX-3 could represent a primary central mechanism by which these drugs decrease pain and possibly fever.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/paracetamol-research/12242329.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "0c00962f9e58da9af386335ac3312d5c260d637270d80481a6f55d0ebec67a78", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1711, "text_sha256": "0c00962f9e58da9af386335ac3312d5c260d637270d80481a6f55d0ebec67a78"}
- experimental_model
- Cloning and expression of cyclooxygenase-1-derived transcripts from canine cerebral cortex in insect cells
- exposure
- Canine COX-3 compared with murine cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 against acetaminophen, phenacetin, antipyrine and dipyrone
- limitations
- The paper that proposed the answer. Its activity data are for the canine protein expressed in insect cells; the human claim is about messenger RNA abundance, not about an active protein.
- nutrient_topic
- Paracetamol research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the drug is recorded separately from the metabolites NAPQI and AM404. · Paracetamol
- organism
- Dog and human
- plain_language
- A third form of the enzyme was reported in dog brain, and it was the one this drug blocked.
- primary_references
- [apap-p12242329] COX-3, a cyclooxygenase-1 variant inhibited by acetaminophen and other analgesic/antipyretic drugs: cloning, structure, and expression. (2002). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12242329/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.162468699
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Cerebral cortex
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Cloning and expression of cyclooxygenase-1-derived transcripts from canine cerebral cortex in insect cells · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### apap-cox3-proposed A third distinct cyclooxygenase isozyme, COX-3, made from the cyclooxygenase-1 gene but retaining intron 1 in its messenger RNA, was described as expressed in canine cerebral cortex and as an approximately 5.2 kilobase transcript most abundant in human cerebral cortex and heart, the retained intron introducing an insertion of 30 to 34 amino acids into the hydrophobic signal peptide; canine COX-3 expressed in insect cells possessed glycosylation-dependent cyclooxygenase activity and was selectively inhibited by analgesic and antipyretic drugs such as acetaminophen, phenacetin, antipyrine and dipyrone, so that inhibition of COX-3 could represent a primary central mechanism by which these drugs decrease pain and possibly fever. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Paracetamol research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the drug is recorded separately from the metabolites NAPQI and AM404. plain_language: A third form of the enzyme was reported in dog brain, and it was the one this drug blocked. organism: Dog and human tissue_or_cell_type: Cerebral cortex experimental_model: Cloning and expression of cyclooxygenase-1-derived transcripts from canine cerebral cortex in insect cells limitations: The paper that proposed the answer. Its activity data are for the canine protein expressed in insect cells; the human claim is about messenger RNA abundance, not about an active protein. exposure: Canine COX-3 compared with murine cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 against acetaminophen, phenacetin, antipyrine and dipyrone evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/paracetamol-research/12242329.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "0c00962f9e58da9af386335ac3312d5c260d637270d80481a6f55d0ebec67a78", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1711, "text_sha256": "0c00962f9e58da9af386335ac3312d5c260d637270d80481a6f55d0ebec67a78"} [apap-p12242329] COX-3, a cyclooxygenase-1 variant inhibited by acetaminophen and other analgesic/antipyretic drugs: cloning, structure, and expression. (2002). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12242329/ DOI: 10.1073/pnas.162468699
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.