Component
Cambendazole
Cambendazole. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.
1 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.
How nutrients influence it
Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.
Other things that act on it
Enzymes, hormones, genes, and other components with a recorded effect. These are not nutrients, so they do not count toward the arrows above. Each finding names the chapter that recorded it.
How nutrients reach it in more than one step
Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.
Tracing routes…
What it does
Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.
Where it participates (unsigned role)
Fumarate reductase activity in a thiabendazole-resistant Haemonchus contortus strain was significantly lower than in a susceptible strain, but activity in a mebendazole-resistant strain did not differ from the susceptible strain even though it was cross-resistant to thiabendazole, and on reassessment two American strains resistant to thiabendazole and to cambendazole had activities indistinguishable from corresponding susceptible strains, so that benzimidazole resistance cannot be generally correlated with diminished fumarate reductase activity although it may be a contributory factor in the specific Australian thiabendazole-resistant strains.
Experimental context and source evidence
- evidence_span
- {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/6877276.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "59837d0bc8f0d0c120dd9d647dcd86cd046545768ec6ab198e2262d381aafbf7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1052, "text_sha256": "59837d0bc8f0d0c120dd9d647dcd86cd046545768ec6ab198e2262d381aafbf7"}
- experimental_model
- Fumarate reductase activity compared across benzimidazole-susceptible and resistant Haemonchus contortus strains, with reassessment of published reports
- exposure
- Thiabendazole-resistant, mebendazole-resistant and susceptible strains
- limitations
- A proposed resistance mechanism tested across strains and largely rejected. The reassessment of other laboratories’ published values is the useful part.
- nutrient_topic
- Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. · Mebendazole
- organism
- Nematode
- plain_language
- A once-popular explanation for resistance, checked across strains and found not to hold.
- primary_references
- [mbz-p6877276] Observations on the fumarate reductase system in Haemonchus contortus and their relevance to anthelmintic resistance and to strain variations of energy metabolism. (1983). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6877276/ DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(83)90011-7
- tissue_or_cell_type
- Mitochondrial electron transport
AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Fumarate reductase activity compared across benzimidazole-susceptible and resistant Haemonchus contortus strains, with reassessment of published reports · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft
### mbz-fumarate-reductase-retired Fumarate reductase activity in a thiabendazole-resistant Haemonchus contortus strain was significantly lower than in a susceptible strain, but activity in a mebendazole-resistant strain did not differ from the susceptible strain even though it was cross-resistant to thiabendazole, and on reassessment two American strains resistant to thiabendazole and to cambendazole had activities indistinguishable from corresponding susceptible strains, so that benzimidazole resistance cannot be generally correlated with diminished fumarate reductase activity although it may be a contributory factor in the specific Australian thiabendazole-resistant strains. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Mebendazole research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and mebendazole is recorded separately from albendazole, from the benzimidazole class and from its own crystal forms. plain_language: A once-popular explanation for resistance, checked across strains and found not to hold. organism: Nematode tissue_or_cell_type: Mitochondrial electron transport experimental_model: Fumarate reductase activity compared across benzimidazole-susceptible and resistant Haemonchus contortus strains, with reassessment of published reports limitations: A proposed resistance mechanism tested across strains and largely rejected. The reassessment of other laboratories’ published values is the useful part. exposure: Thiabendazole-resistant, mebendazole-resistant and susceptible strains evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/mebendazole-research/6877276.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "59837d0bc8f0d0c120dd9d647dcd86cd046545768ec6ab198e2262d381aafbf7", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1052, "text_sha256": "59837d0bc8f0d0c120dd9d647dcd86cd046545768ec6ab198e2262d381aafbf7"} [mbz-p6877276] Observations on the fumarate reductase system in Haemonchus contortus and their relevance to anthelmintic resistance and to strain variations of energy metabolism. (1983). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6877276/ DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(83)90011-7
Complete structured claim and evidence
The events it takes part in
A mechanism often involves more than two components. These are the full events, with every participant and its role.
Situations it appears in
Low-supply and faulty-machinery situations recorded in the chapters where this component plays a part.
In the sources
Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.
Open hypotheses
Proposed ideas that involve this component. They are labeled as hypotheses and do not change any recorded statement.
This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.