Component

Human adenosine A2A receptor / ADORA2A

Study-scoped entity; inspect species, exposure, model and limitations on each claim.

4 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

Tracing routes…

What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Crystallography resolved caffeine in a thermostabilized A2A receptor with an inactive-state conformation.

    Caffeine → Thermostabilized human A2A receptor crystallography construct source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Engineered human receptor construct; crystallographic comparison with XAC and ZM241385.
    limitations
    Engineered inactive-state structure, not a measurement of native receptor signaling in a person.
    nutrient_topic
    Caffeine collection; salts, coffee, species and coexposure contexts retain their identities. · Caffeine
    plain_language
    A receptor structure shows where caffeine binds.
    primary_references
    Structure of the adenosine A(2A) receptor in complex with ZM241385 and the xanthines XAC and caffeine. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21885291/ · DOI 10.1016/j.str.2011.06.014

    Caffeine: receptors, metabolism, nutrient interactions, adaptation and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 28–34

    AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Engineered human receptor construct; crystallographic comparison with XAC and ZM241385. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## caf-a2a-structure A receptor structure shows where caffeine binds. Crystallography resolved caffeine in a thermostabilized A2A receptor with an inactive-state conformation. Model: Engineered human receptor construct; crystallographic comparison with XAC and ZM241385. Limitations: Engineered inactive-state structure, not a measurement of native receptor signaling in a person. Evidence access: Primary abstract Structure of the adenosine A(2A) receptor in complex with ZM241385 and the xanthines XAC and caffeine. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21885291/ · DOI 10.1016/j.str.2011.06.014
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. After caffeine exposure, NECA stimulation produced greater cAMP accumulation.

    Caffeine → Human neutrophil cAMP response to NECA source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges.
    limitations
    Adapted cells were challenged with an agonist; this is not the same as an immediate effect of caffeine, nor a clinical anti-inflammatory trial.
    nutrient_topic
    Caffeine collection; salts, coffee, species and coexposure contexts retain their identities. · Caffeine
    plain_language
    The adapted cells responded more strongly to an adenosine agonist.
    primary_references
    Caffeine intake induces an alteration in human neutrophil A2A adenosine receptors. · 2005 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143823/ · DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5312-z

    Caffeine: receptors, metabolism, nutrient interactions, adaptation and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 156–162

    AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## caf-neutrophil-camp The adapted cells responded more strongly to an adenosine agonist. After caffeine exposure, NECA stimulation produced greater cAMP accumulation. Model: Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges. Limitations: Adapted cells were challenged with an agonist; this is not the same as an immediate effect of caffeine, nor a clinical anti-inflammatory trial. Evidence access: Primary abstract Caffeine intake induces an alteration in human neutrophil A2A adenosine receptors. · 2005 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143823/ · DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5312-z
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  3. Repeated caffeine exposure increased neutrophil A2A receptor binding density.

    Caffeine → Human neutrophil A2A receptor density source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges.
    limitations
    Adapted cells were challenged with an agonist; this is not the same as an immediate effect of caffeine, nor a clinical anti-inflammatory trial.
    nutrient_topic
    Caffeine collection; salts, coffee, species and coexposure contexts retain their identities. · Caffeine
    plain_language
    Repeated exposure changed receptor abundance in immune cells.
    primary_references
    Caffeine intake induces an alteration in human neutrophil A2A adenosine receptors. · 2005 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143823/ · DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5312-z

    Caffeine: receptors, metabolism, nutrient interactions, adaptation and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 148–154

    AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## caf-neutrophil-density Repeated exposure changed receptor abundance in immune cells. Repeated caffeine exposure increased neutrophil A2A receptor binding density. Model: Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges. Limitations: Adapted cells were challenged with an agonist; this is not the same as an immediate effect of caffeine, nor a clinical anti-inflammatory trial. Evidence access: Primary abstract Caffeine intake induces an alteration in human neutrophil A2A adenosine receptors. · 2005 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143823/ · DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5312-z
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  4. NECA-stimulated adapted neutrophils showed lower superoxide production; binding and functional changes returned to baseline after 48 hours withdrawal.

    Caffeine → Human neutrophil superoxide response after NECA stimulation source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_access
    Primary abstract
    experimental_model
    Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges.
    limitations
    Adapted cells were challenged with an agonist; this is not the same as an immediate effect of caffeine, nor a clinical anti-inflammatory trial.
    nutrient_topic
    Caffeine collection; salts, coffee, species and coexposure contexts retain their identities. · Caffeine
    plain_language
    The immune-cell response was reversible and depended on the agonist challenge.
    primary_references
    Caffeine intake induces an alteration in human neutrophil A2A adenosine receptors. · 2005 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143823/ · DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5312-z

    Caffeine: receptors, metabolism, nutrient interactions, adaptation and discovery questions (2026-09-18) · lines 164–170

    AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text. · supports · Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges. · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ## caf-neutrophil-superoxide The immune-cell response was reversible and depended on the agonist challenge. NECA-stimulated adapted neutrophils showed lower superoxide production; binding and functional changes returned to baseline after 48 hours withdrawal. Model: Human neutrophils after 400 or 600 mg/day for one week, or 400 mg/day for two weeks; ex-vivo binding and NECA challenges. Limitations: Adapted cells were challenged with an agonist; this is not the same as an immediate effect of caffeine, nor a clinical anti-inflammatory trial. Evidence access: Primary abstract Caffeine intake induces an alteration in human neutrophil A2A adenosine receptors. · 2005 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16143823/ · DOI 10.1007/s00018-005-5312-z
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

Preserved passages that mention this component, quoted exactly. Open one to read it in context.

    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

    Evidence, AI assistance and curation standards