Component

The ratio of acetyl-CoA to free coenzyme A in skeletal muscle

The ratio of acetyl-CoA to free coenzyme A in skeletal muscle. Species, exposure and limitations are retained in each linked claim.

2 recorded relationships. Experimental role, claim status and evidence remain attached to each record.

Read recorded mechanisms Open recursive mind map

How nutrients influence it

Every nutrient with a recorded effect on this component, credited to the nutrient that acted rather than the chapter that recorded it. Open a nutrient to see the findings and the conditions they were measured under.

How nutrients reach it in more than one step

Chains of two or more recorded steps that end here, grouped by the nutrient they start from. Each step is a separate finding, so a chain is a route a mechanism could take, not proof that it does.

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What it does

Every recorded relationship this component is part of, grouped by its role. Plain wording comes first; the technical statement follows.

Recorded relationships

Where it participates (unsigned role)

  1. Acetate infusion increased muscle acetyl-CoA, citrate and acetylcarnitine, and resting active-form pyruvate dehydrogenase declined during 20 minutes of acetate infusion from 0.37 to 0.16 mmol per minute per kg wet weight, coinciding with an elevation in the acetyl-CoA to free CoA ratio from 0.28 to 0.73, whereas after the bicarbonate control infusion resting activity was similar to that before acetate.

    Intravenous sodium acetate infusion → Active-form pyruvate dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/acetate-research/7762627.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1730, "text_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76"}
    experimental_model
    Eight human subjects infused with sodium acetate at rest and during cycling, with muscle biopsies
    exposure
    400 mmol sodium acetate infused over 20 min rest, 5 min cycling at 40% and 15 min at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake, against a 400 mmol sodium bicarbonate control two weeks later
    limitations
    A direct human measurement with a matched sodium control. The effect was present at rest and absent during exercise, so it is not a general property of raised acetate.
    nutrient_topic
    Acetic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the ingested acid is recorded separately from the circulating acetate anion. · Acetic acid
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    Raising blood acetate in people switched down the enzyme that commits glucose to being burned.
    primary_references
    [acetate-p7762627] Skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase activity during acetate infusion in humans. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7762627/ DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.5.e1007
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Skeletal muscle

    Acetic acid: the ingested acid, the receptors acetate binds, the acetyl-CoA it becomes, and the acetyl groups that reach histones (2026-09-21) · lines 485–496

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Eight human subjects infused with sodium acetate at rest and during cycling, with muscle biopsies · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### acetate-acetate-suppresses-pdh Acetate infusion increased muscle acetyl-CoA, citrate and acetylcarnitine, and resting active-form pyruvate dehydrogenase declined during 20 minutes of acetate infusion from 0.37 to 0.16 mmol per minute per kg wet weight, coinciding with an elevation in the acetyl-CoA to free CoA ratio from 0.28 to 0.73, whereas after the bicarbonate control infusion resting activity was similar to that before acetate. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Acetic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the ingested acid is recorded separately from the circulating acetate anion. plain_language: Raising blood acetate in people switched down the enzyme that commits glucose to being burned. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Skeletal muscle experimental_model: Eight human subjects infused with sodium acetate at rest and during cycling, with muscle biopsies limitations: A direct human measurement with a matched sodium control. The effect was present at rest and absent during exercise, so it is not a general property of raised acetate. exposure: 400 mmol sodium acetate infused over 20 min rest, 5 min cycling at 40% and 15 min at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake, against a 400 mmol sodium bicarbonate control two weeks later evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/acetate-research/7762627.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1730, "text_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76"} [acetate-p7762627] Skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase activity during acetate infusion in humans. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7762627/ DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.5.e1007
    Complete structured claim and evidence

  2. During exercise acetyl-CoA, citrate and the acetyl-CoA to free CoA ratio were further elevated and the differences present at rest were resolved, with active-form pyruvate dehydrogenase increasing to the same extent with acetate and with the control infusion, so that during exercise its regulation appeared independent of variations in the acetyl-CoA to free CoA ratio and acetate infusion was not effective in perturbing the glucose-fatty acid cycle.

    Cycling exercise at 40 and 80 percent of maximal oxygen uptake → Active-form pyruvate dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle source_derived_draftungraded
    Experimental context and source evidence
    evidence_span
    {"source_cache": "artifacts/acetate-research/7762627.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1730, "text_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76"}
    experimental_model
    Eight human subjects infused with sodium acetate at rest and during cycling, with muscle biopsies
    exposure
    400 mmol sodium acetate infused over 20 min rest, 5 min cycling at 40% and 15 min at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake, against a 400 mmol sodium bicarbonate control two weeks later
    limitations
    A direct human measurement with a matched sodium control. The effect was present at rest and absent during exercise, so it is not a general property of raised acetate.
    nutrient_topic
    Acetic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the ingested acid is recorded separately from the circulating acetate anion. · Acetic acid
    organism
    Human
    plain_language
    During exercise the muscle ignored the extra acetate entirely.
    primary_references
    [acetate-p7762627] Skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase activity during acetate infusion in humans. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7762627/ DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.5.e1007
    tissue_or_cell_type
    Skeletal muscle

    Acetic acid: the ingested acid, the receptors acetate binds, the acetyl-CoA it becomes, and the acetyl groups that reach histones (2026-09-21) · lines 498–509

    AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text. · supports · Eight human subjects infused with sodium acetate at rest and during cycling, with muscle biopsies · source_derived_draft · unverified_draft

    ### acetate-exercise-overrides During exercise acetyl-CoA, citrate and the acetyl-CoA to free CoA ratio were further elevated and the differences present at rest were resolved, with active-form pyruvate dehydrogenase increasing to the same extent with acetate and with the control infusion, so that during exercise its regulation appeared independent of variations in the acetyl-CoA to free CoA ratio and acetate infusion was not effective in perturbing the glucose-fatty acid cycle. Condition category: normal nutrient_topic: Acetic acid research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct clinical effect, and the ingested acid is recorded separately from the circulating acetate anion. plain_language: During exercise the muscle ignored the extra acetate entirely. organism: Human tissue_or_cell_type: Skeletal muscle experimental_model: Eight human subjects infused with sodium acetate at rest and during cycling, with muscle biopsies limitations: A direct human measurement with a matched sodium control. The effect was present at rest and absent during exercise, so it is not a general property of raised acetate. exposure: 400 mmol sodium acetate infused over 20 min rest, 5 min cycling at 40% and 15 min at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake, against a 400 mmol sodium bicarbonate control two weeks later evidence_span: {"source_cache": "artifacts/acetate-research/7762627.abstract.txt", "locator": "Indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets", "file_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76", "start_char": 0, "end_char": 1730, "text_sha256": "343ba052925b754982d178cee1a1c2e3e0a3d1e940e6dd349989c7d6c2704f76"} [acetate-p7762627] Skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase activity during acetate infusion in humans. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7762627/ DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.5.e1007
    Complete structured claim and evidence

In the sources

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    This is a research prototype built from draft material. It is not medical advice, and its statements still await verification against the original studies.

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