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molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Cell identity changed which effects were seen.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Butyrate suppresses mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease primarily through HDAC3 inhibition in monocytes and macrophages. · 2025 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41110099/ · DOI 10.1111/febs.70289","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"9ed34444-aff8-538c-9103-252ba912e1ec","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 422-428","start_line":422,"end_line":428,"excerpt":"## butyrate-ibd-epithelial-limit\nCell identity changed which effects were seen.\nButyrate restored MCT1 and IL-18 expression in challenged human epithelial organoids, but did not suppress their pro-inflammatory gene expression as it did in mononuclear-cell experiments.\nModel: Human organoids, mucosa and mononuclear-cell comparisons.\nLimitations: MCT1 recovery and immune-cell cytokine suppression are separate endpoints.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nButyrate suppresses mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease primarily through HDAC3 inhibition in monocytes and macrophages. · 2025 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41110099/ · DOI 10.1111/febs.70289","model_system":"Human organoids, mucosa and mononuclear-cell comparisons.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; 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