{"id":"f976c5bc-72a4-59d1-b2db-aa1f65b695f5","stable_key":"b7798a90-72a3-5454-a321-c4be88bf0cc4:lithium-glycogen-substrate-null","predicate":"no_increase_with_gluconeogenic_substrates","statement":"LiCl did not increase glycogen accumulation with lactate and pyruvate in the same hepatocyte study.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"f12adf1a-1863-5dff-adf2-74052f862ed6","mechanism_event_label":"Changing the starting substrate changed the outcome.","subject":{"id":"13b4b09c-4581-58f6-9792-9a78125963e8","slug":"lithium-ion","display_name":"Lithium ion (Li+)","entity_type_key":"ion"},"object":{"id":"db7e15c8-afb3-5ebe-a7cc-c2e78ce2838a","slug":"rat-hepatocyte-glycogen-synthesis","display_name":"Rat hepatocyte glycogen synthesis","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"f12adf1a-1863-5dff-adf2-74052f862ed6","stable_key":"b7798a90-72a3-5454-a321-c4be88bf0cc4:lithium-glycogen-substrate-null-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Changing the starting substrate changed the outcome.","description":"LiCl did not increase glycogen accumulation with lactate and pyruvate in the same hepatocyte study.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"13b4b09c-4581-58f6-9792-9a78125963e8","slug":"lithium-ion","display_name":"Lithium ion (Li+)","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"db7e15c8-afb3-5ebe-a7cc-c2e78ce2838a","slug":"rat-hepatocyte-glycogen-synthesis","display_name":"Rat hepatocyte glycogen synthesis","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8e2e3902-5e26-52e3-9c85-1d7c0ace1637","slug":"lithium","display_name":"Lithium","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"5ebd9a7c-b151-5b70-b70d-7d33067d4ebf","slug":"lactate","display_name":"L-Lactate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"91e6d4f5-fba1-542d-b68a-57cc28e1e425","slug":"pyruvate","display_name":"Pyruvate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Rat hepatocytes; simultaneous synthase and phosphorylase activation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Context-dependent null result, not an unexplained contradiction.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Lithium collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"lithium","display_name":"Lithium","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Changing the starting substrate changed the outcome.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Lithium restores glycogen synthesis from glucose in hepatocytes from diabetic rats. · 1993 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8460950/ · DOI 10.1006/abbi.1993.1164","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"33092a88-4e15-5bbe-8c7d-861c7aba7fc0","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 312-318","start_line":312,"end_line":318,"excerpt":"## lithium-glycogen-substrate-null\nChanging the starting substrate changed the outcome.\nLiCl did not increase glycogen accumulation with lactate and pyruvate in the same hepatocyte study.\nModel: Rat hepatocytes; simultaneous synthase and phosphorylase activation.\nLimitations: Context-dependent null result, not an unexplained contradiction.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nLithium restores glycogen synthesis from glucose in hepatocytes from diabetic rats. · 1993 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8460950/ · DOI 10.1006/abbi.1993.1164","model_system":"Rat hepatocytes; simultaneous synthase and phosphorylase activation.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"b2dd2f3c-5c4c-5a12-9a0d-91b521ffcf98","stable_key":"import-b7798a90-72a3-5454-a321-c4be88bf0cc4","title":"Lithium: metal-sensitive enzymes, transport and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. 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