{"id":"f962310e-618c-5c60-9908-8797c9b2c175","stable_key":"be889add-cec8-500b-be89-676431432a70:mn-enz-glul-reaction","predicate":"produces","statement":"Human glutamine synthetase catalyzes ATP-coupled ligation of glutamate and ammonia to make glutamine.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"571da84b-11f7-5319-be78-75c0474a16ae","mechanism_event_label":"GLUL combines glutamate and ammonia using ATP.","subject":{"id":"d38cfc9c-9372-5e5f-8d91-03098155a3c6","slug":"glul","display_name":"Glutamine synthetase / GLUL","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"8637bb39-2c30-5168-baaf-3e613d831db0","slug":"glutamine","display_name":"L-Glutamine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"571da84b-11f7-5319-be78-75c0474a16ae","stable_key":"be889add-cec8-500b-be89-676431432a70:mn-enz-glul-reaction-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"GLUL combines glutamate and ammonia using ATP.","description":"Human glutamine synthetase catalyzes ATP-coupled ligation of glutamate and ammonia to make glutamine.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"d38cfc9c-9372-5e5f-8d91-03098155a3c6","slug":"glul","display_name":"Glutamine synthetase / GLUL","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8637bb39-2c30-5168-baaf-3e613d831db0","slug":"glutamine","display_name":"L-Glutamine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"object","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7da684a4-2641-5bc6-93ae-8c6aa384e487","slug":"glutamate","display_name":"L-Glutamate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"substrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"1374ec24-1a5b-552b-982f-51f9082f4187","slug":"ammonia","display_name":"Ammonia","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"substrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"58b974f1-d389-5bf6-81cd-889c44442c42","slug":"atp","display_name":"ATP","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"energy substrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"136c3764-1b93-5f79-8673-9001cab9bc3d","slug":"adp","display_name":"Adenosine diphosphate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"product","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":5,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human GLUL ligand-complex crystal structures; canine apoenzyme comparison","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"ADP/phosphate/Mn and ADP/phosphorylated-inhibitor/Mn complexes","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Reaction identity does not determine the predominant metal in living human brain.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"manganese","display_name":"Manganese","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Homo sapiens protein","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"GLUL combines glutamate and ammonia using ATP.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[mn-enz-18005987] Crystal structures of mammalian glutamine synthetases illustrate substrate-induced conformational changes and provide opportunities for drug and herbicide design. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18005987/ DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.029","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Purified GLUL","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"0b8e3a7b-4ddf-5a9b-8d54-06bb8c117d42","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 596-606","start_line":596,"end_line":606,"excerpt":"### mn-enz-glul-reaction\nHuman glutamine synthetase catalyzes ATP-coupled ligation of glutamate and ammonia to make glutamine.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Manganese research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: GLUL combines glutamate and ammonia using ATP.\norganism: Homo sapiens protein\ntissue_or_cell_type: Purified GLUL\nexperimental_model: Human GLUL ligand-complex crystal structures; canine apoenzyme comparison\nlimitations: Reaction identity does not determine the predominant metal in living human brain.\nexposure: ADP/phosphate/Mn and ADP/phosphorylated-inhibitor/Mn complexes\n[mn-enz-18005987] Crystal structures of mammalian glutamine synthetases illustrate substrate-induced conformational changes and provide opportunities for drug and herbicide design. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18005987/ DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.029","model_system":"Human GLUL ligand-complex crystal structures; canine apoenzyme comparison","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [mn-enz-18005987] Crystal structures of mammalian glutamine synthetases illustrate substrate-induced conformational changes and provide opportunities for drug and herbicide design. 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