{"id":"f702ba2c-5e9d-5954-ac7b-1af0247bb580","stable_key":"a8bedee0-a740-5bbb-921e-bfd144c7b68c:astaxanthin-metabolite-ionol","predicate":"metabolized_to","statement":"Astaxanthin metabolism yielded 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol in the human hepatocyte investigation; the study also detected the four reported metabolites in plasma after oral exposure.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"f8b656e0-f67e-5506-b31f-a3109ef824ea","mechanism_event_label":"Metabolism produced a separately identifiable smaller molecule.","subject":{"id":"1bf8b9c0-9c38-5c8a-b5da-f00b0eeca36f","slug":"astaxanthin","display_name":"Astaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"62c3a2c2-9279-5f0e-b6d6-7d9ccdcfd744","slug":"3-hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol","display_name":"3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"f8b656e0-f67e-5506-b31f-a3109ef824ea","stable_key":"a8bedee0-a740-5bbb-921e-bfd144c7b68c:astaxanthin-metabolite-ionol-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Metabolism produced a separately identifiable smaller molecule.","description":"Astaxanthin metabolism yielded 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol in the human hepatocyte investigation; the study also detected the four reported metabolites in plasma after oral exposure.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"1bf8b9c0-9c38-5c8a-b5da-f00b0eeca36f","slug":"astaxanthin","display_name":"Astaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"62c3a2c2-9279-5f0e-b6d6-7d9ccdcfd744","slug":"3-hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol","display_name":"3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Primary human hepatocytes; plasma examination in two volunteers after 100 mg.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"The cleavage enzyme was not identified; two high-dose exposures do not establish routine tissue concentrations or biological activity of this metabolite.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Astaxanthin collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"astaxanthin","display_name":"Astaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Metabolism produced a separately identifiable smaller molecule.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Metabolism and CYP-inducer properties of astaxanthin in man and primary human hepatocytes. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11876499/ · DOI 10.1007/s00204-001-0287-5","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"c44880a5-48d2-5bc5-826f-6ac242946bec","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 102-108","start_line":102,"end_line":108,"excerpt":"## astaxanthin-metabolite-ionol\nMetabolism produced a separately identifiable smaller molecule.\nAstaxanthin metabolism yielded 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-ionol in the human hepatocyte investigation; the study also detected the four reported metabolites in plasma after oral exposure.\nModel: Primary human hepatocytes; plasma examination in two volunteers after 100 mg.\nLimitations: The cleavage enzyme was not identified; two high-dose exposures do not establish routine tissue concentrations or biological activity of this metabolite.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nMetabolism and CYP-inducer properties of astaxanthin in man and primary human hepatocytes. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11876499/ · DOI 10.1007/s00204-001-0287-5","model_system":"Primary human hepatocytes; plasma examination in two volunteers after 100 mg.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"4fd91ea6-78b4-5bfe-93e3-686fbef9f678","stable_key":"import-a8bedee0-a740-5bbb-921e-bfd144c7b68c","title":"Astaxanthin: transport, membrane chemistry, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. 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