{"id":"f4853235-577c-5aa1-9670-84fb1dcda099","stable_key":"16c35a72-8162-5bb1-ae01-45331b8b42d0:moringa-high-dose-extract-toxicity","predicate":"injures","statement":"Oral hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract caused biochemical and histological liver and kidney injury in female ICR mice after a single 2000 mg/kg dose and during 28-day dosing up to 1000 mg/kg/day.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"2eacd3b5-ad2e-52b7-8c0d-3cdb47b9a91b","mechanism_event_label":"Oral hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract caused biochemical and histological liver and kidney injury in female ICR mice after a single 2000 mg/kg dose and during 28-day dosing up to 1000 mg/kg/day.","subject":{"id":"af295997-8167-5d92-9064-8087317ab0c3","slug":"moringa-hydroethanolic-leaf-extract","display_name":"Hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"object":{"id":"98bba1f1-9128-514e-bd53-d9656caea0d1","slug":"mouse-liver-kidney-injury-profile","display_name":"Liver and kidney injury profile in female ICR mice","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"2eacd3b5-ad2e-52b7-8c0d-3cdb47b9a91b","stable_key":"16c35a72-8162-5bb1-ae01-45331b8b42d0:moringa-high-dose-extract-toxicity-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Oral hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract caused biochemical and histological liver and kidney injury in female ICR mice after a single 2000 mg/kg dose and during 28-day dosing up to 1000 mg/kg/day.","description":"Oral hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract caused biochemical and histological liver and kidney injury in female ICR mice after a single 2000 mg/kg dose and during 28-day dosing up to 1000 mg/kg/day.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"af295997-8167-5d92-9064-8087317ab0c3","slug":"moringa-hydroethanolic-leaf-extract","display_name":"Hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract","entity_type_key":"botanical"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"98bba1f1-9128-514e-bd53-d9656caea0d1","slug":"mouse-liver-kidney-injury-profile","display_name":"Liver and kidney injury profile in female ICR mice","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"2000 mg/kg once or 125-1000 mg/kg/day hydroethanolic extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Acute or 28 days","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Female ICR mice","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"These concentrated high-dose mouse exposures do not define risk from culinary leaves, tea or labeled human supplement doses.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Moringa oleifera chapter; interacting nutrients, drugs, peptides and proteins retain their experimental settings.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"moringa","display_name":"Moringa oleifera","entity_type_key":"botanical"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Female ICR mice","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Oral hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract caused biochemical and histological liver and kidney injury in female ICR mice after a single 2000 mg/kg dose and during 28-day dosing up to 1000 mg/kg/day.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Moringa oleifera hydorethanolic leaf extract induced acute and sub-acute hepato-nephrotoxicity in female ICR-mice. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34886737/ DOI: 10.1177/00368504211004272","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral gavage","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Hematology, enzymes and liver/kidney histology","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"9200eee6-166a-5b85-9332-12804b072e32","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 299-308","start_line":299,"end_line":308,"excerpt":"## moringa-high-dose-extract-toxicity\nOral hydroethanolic Moringa leaf extract caused biochemical and histological liver and kidney injury in female ICR mice after a single 2000 mg/kg dose and during 28-day dosing up to 1000 mg/kg/day.\nModel/species: Female ICR mice\nTissue/system: Hematology, enzymes and liver/kidney histology\nExposure: 2000 mg/kg once or 125-1000 mg/kg/day hydroethanolic extract\nRoute: Oral gavage\nDuration: Acute or 28 days\nLimits: These concentrated high-dose mouse exposures do not define risk from culinary leaves, tea or labeled human supplement doses.\nPrimary reference: Moringa oleifera hydorethanolic leaf extract induced acute and sub-acute hepato-nephrotoxicity in female ICR-mice. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34886737/ DOI: 10.1177/00368504211004272\nAccess: Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. Full-text method details not stated here remain unresolved.","model_system":"Female ICR mice","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span with primary citation; not a publisher quotation.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"2752e9b3-e4b9-55fe-be07-944204cca4b8","stable_key":"import-16c35a72-8162-5bb1-ae01-45331b8b42d0","title":"Moringa oleifera: mechanism of action and interactions (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted source-specific curation with primary-study citations, model, exposure, route, duration, negative findings and limitations preserved. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"c4146a85ed4997fa117a83862fcf605ffb74110cf9f9cac8c63d1f6b07b8a57c","revision_id":"399ef3a4-8939-5df0-9f90-71d41dd6bab8","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}