{"id":"f1f2dda7-3a06-5a2c-84fe-3129a1f6dd7d","stable_key":"35ec55a7-323c-5c28-979e-3bdafe9d5769:bilitranslocase-competition","predicate":"decreases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"The tested anthocyanin structures competed in a bilitranslocase transport assay; the class result was 17 of 20 compounds, Ki 1.4-22 uM.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"6b961d4f-b7f4-5a24-8eff-1b6748602cc1","mechanism_event_label":"The tested anthocyanin structures competed in a bilitranslocase transport assay; the class result was 17 of 20 compounds, Ki 1.4-22 uM.","subject":{"id":"cdefc5e0-c2d6-52d7-881d-b9e15ffb217e","slug":"cyanidin-3-galactoside","display_name":"Cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"34aed287-6eb1-5c0b-9c99-eef4a6551e52","slug":"bilitranslocase-assay-carrier","display_name":"Bilitranslocase carrier activity in the 2002 assay; gene assignment unresolved","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"6b961d4f-b7f4-5a24-8eff-1b6748602cc1","stable_key":"35ec55a7-323c-5c28-979e-3bdafe9d5769:bilitranslocase-competition-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"The tested anthocyanin structures competed in a bilitranslocase transport assay; the class result was 17 of 20 compounds, Ki 1.4-22 uM.","description":"**Bilitranslocase remains a candidate route.** Seventeen of twenty tested anthocyanin-related compounds competitively inhibited a bilitranslocase transport assay, with reported inhibition constants of 1.4–22 µM. Glycosylated compounds often interacted more strongly than their aglycones. Competition in a carrier assay is useful evidence, but does not determine how much pigment crosses the human stomach. The assay-associated carrier should not be silently assigned an unrelated established transporter gene. [Passamonti et al., 2002](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X%2802%2900927-0).","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"cdefc5e0-c2d6-52d7-881d-b9e15ffb217e","slug":"cyanidin-3-galactoside","display_name":"Cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Test anthocyanin addition","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"34aed287-6eb1-5c0b-9c99-eef4a6551e52","slug":"bilitranslocase-assay-carrier","display_name":"Bilitranslocase carrier activity in the 2002 assay; gene assignment unresolved","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"decrease","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full methods, figures, exact doses or endpoint-specific species assignments may remain unextracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Test anthocyanin addition\", \"comparator\": \"Carrier assay without added anthocyanin\", \"endpoint\": \"The tested anthocyanin structures competed in a bilitranslocase transport assay; the class result was 17 of 20 compounds, Ki 1.4-22 uM.\", \"effect_direction\": \"decrease\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Cell-free membrane-carrier transport inhibition assay; individual constants not extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Competition supports interaction, not a complete human absorption mechanism or an inferred transporter-gene identity.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The tested anthocyanin structures competed in a bilitranslocase transport assay; the class result was 17 of 20 compounds, Ki 1.4-22 uM.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"The interaction of anthocyanins with bilitranslocase. | 2002 | DOI 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00927-0 | PMID 12176028 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12176028/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00927-0 | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X%2802%2900927-0","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 42-42; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"c08f3e46-f3b6-5c1e-8a68-02625c32fac8","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 42-42","start_line":42,"end_line":42,"excerpt":"**Bilitranslocase remains a candidate route.** Seventeen of twenty tested anthocyanin-related compounds competitively inhibited a bilitranslocase transport assay, with reported inhibition constants of 1.4–22 µM. Glycosylated compounds often interacted more strongly than their aglycones. Competition in a carrier assay is useful evidence, but does not determine how much pigment crosses the human stomach. The assay-associated carrier should not be silently assigned an unrelated established transporter gene. [Passamonti et al., 2002](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X%2802%2900927-0).","model_system":"Cell-free membrane-carrier transport inhibition assay; individual constants not extracted.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"b08e7f7d-4d34-56d7-a185-2124f8d72b3c","stable_key":"import-35ec55a7-323c-5c28-979e-3bdafe9d5769","title":"Anthocyanins: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 4 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"7cff1a47fbd9c625412b84162b1c823004b4162b7c009f9a11d5807fb8e04ef9","revision_id":"1bd4fa42-bfeb-5148-8250-fc363d8c1de0","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}