{"id":"e7310a3f-9bc4-56f4-9c23-65900658d96f","stable_key":"d8050016-13c9-5391-9d61-63de73590053:zeaxanthin-macropinocytosis-null","predicate":"not_supported_as_major_route_for","statement":"EIPA treatment did not significantly inhibit uptake of the tested zeaxanthin micelles.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"dd849d2d-feca-56c7-9f4d-5411061df33d","mechanism_event_label":"This inhibition test did not support a major macropinocytosis contribution.","subject":{"id":"5c1f9d76-79b6-51b2-9fee-7dfe05668e15","slug":"macropinocytosis","display_name":"Macropinocytosis","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"object":{"id":"e4b9a9f7-e26a-589b-b86f-88dd846a7c4b","slug":"intestinal-zeaxanthin-uptake","display_name":"Zeaxanthin uptake in intestinal epithelial models","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"dd849d2d-feca-56c7-9f4d-5411061df33d","stable_key":"d8050016-13c9-5391-9d61-63de73590053:zeaxanthin-macropinocytosis-null-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"This inhibition test did not support a major macropinocytosis contribution.","description":"EIPA treatment did not significantly inhibit uptake of the tested zeaxanthin micelles.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"0a60c685-7502-5ece-9da2-2c1a2e3bcdf1","slug":"zeaxanthin","display_name":"Dietary (3R,3-prime-R)-zeaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"micellar_substrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"5c1f9d76-79b6-51b2-9fee-7dfe05668e15","slug":"macropinocytosis","display_name":"Macropinocytosis","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"e4b9a9f7-e26a-589b-b86f-88dd846a7c4b","slug":"intestinal-zeaxanthin-uptake","display_name":"Zeaxanthin uptake in intestinal epithelial models","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/zeaxanthin-research/42123990.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"c0b42011e7f16c3fe60d599d489d01e4b3098db9ad04856d26aca10008e995f4\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1803, \"text_sha256\": \"c0b42011e7f16c3fe60d599d489d01e4b3098db9ad04856d26aca10008e995f4\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Micelle uptake, transporter inhibition and protein-expression assays","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Free and dipalmitate xanthophyll micelles; BLT-1 and ezetimibe","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Inhibitors support pathway involvement rather than exclusivity. Protein-expression changes do not prove efflux; a cell model cannot establish clinical drug spacing.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Zeaxanthin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"zeaxanthin","display_name":"Dietary (3R,3-prime-R)-zeaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human Caco-2 monolayers","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"This inhibition test did not support a major macropinocytosis contribution.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[zeaxanthin-p42123990] Mechanisms of Cell Uptake and Transport of Xanthophylls in the Caco-2 Cell Model. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42123990/ DOI: 10.3390/nu18091389","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Intestinal epithelial model","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"b728d3f1-033c-55ec-a639-004884829741","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 782-793","start_line":782,"end_line":793,"excerpt":"### zeaxanthin-macropinocytosis-null\nEIPA treatment did not significantly inhibit uptake of the tested zeaxanthin micelles.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Zeaxanthin research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: This inhibition test did not support a major macropinocytosis contribution.\norganism: Human Caco-2 monolayers\ntissue_or_cell_type: Intestinal epithelial model\nexperimental_model: Micelle uptake, transporter inhibition and protein-expression assays\nlimitations: Inhibitors support pathway involvement rather than exclusivity. Protein-expression changes do not prove efflux; a cell model cannot establish clinical drug spacing.\nexposure: Free and dipalmitate xanthophyll micelles; BLT-1 and ezetimibe\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/zeaxanthin-research/42123990.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"c0b42011e7f16c3fe60d599d489d01e4b3098db9ad04856d26aca10008e995f4\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1803, \"text_sha256\": \"c0b42011e7f16c3fe60d599d489d01e4b3098db9ad04856d26aca10008e995f4\"}\n[zeaxanthin-p42123990] Mechanisms of Cell Uptake and Transport of Xanthophylls in the Caco-2 Cell Model. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42123990/ DOI: 10.3390/nu18091389","model_system":"Micelle uptake, transporter inhibition and protein-expression assays","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. 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