{"id":"e5492631-0706-5a1d-84e1-0e24c572698f","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-foxp3-acetylation","predicate":"modulates","statement":"Butyrate increased histone H3 acetylation at Foxp3 regulatory regions under Treg-polarizing conditions and promoted Treg differentiation.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"befd9123-80b4-5916-84a2-39041af5e42e","mechanism_event_label":"The surrounding immune signals helped determine which gene program turned on.","subject":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"276ab0c0-74c4-5951-bf5f-32d85edb02db","slug":"mouse-foxp3","display_name":"Mouse regulatory T-cell transcription factor Foxp3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"befd9123-80b4-5916-84a2-39041af5e42e","stable_key":"104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4:butyrate-foxp3-acetylation-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"The surrounding immune signals helped determine which gene program turned on.","description":"Butyrate increased histone H3 acetylation at Foxp3 regulatory regions under Treg-polarizing conditions and promoted Treg differentiation.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"276ab0c0-74c4-5951-bf5f-32d85edb02db","slug":"mouse-foxp3","display_name":"Mouse regulatory T-cell transcription factor Foxp3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"e4878721-8ee1-55e8-908e-da36d071af1d","slug":"mouse-butyrate-treg-differentiation","display_name":"Mouse extrathymic regulatory T-cell differentiation after butyrate","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ec8d4882-1462-5107-8400-367298f439e1","slug":"histone-acetylation","display_name":"Core histone lysine acetylation","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse naive T-cell differentiation, chromatin measurements and colitis experiments.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Not a claim that butyrate turns every T cell into a Treg or universally suppresses immunity. Correction record: Publisher correction reviewed: Figure 1d upper-right axis identifies Neuropilin-1-positive Foxp3-positive cells; the originally printed negative-marker label was wrong. The notice does not amend the Foxp3 histone-acetylation result cited here. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13041","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Butyrate collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The surrounding immune signals helped determine which gene program turned on.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. · 2013 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24226770/ · DOI 10.1038/nature12721","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"32b72f09-4ec3-5e53-913d-80ea793be0a2","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 334-340","start_line":334,"end_line":340,"excerpt":"## butyrate-foxp3-acetylation\nThe surrounding immune signals helped determine which gene program turned on.\nButyrate increased histone H3 acetylation at Foxp3 regulatory regions under Treg-polarizing conditions and promoted Treg differentiation.\nModel: Mouse naive T-cell differentiation, chromatin measurements and colitis experiments.\nLimitations: Not a claim that butyrate turns every T cell into a Treg or universally suppresses immunity. Correction record: Publisher correction reviewed: Figure 1d upper-right axis identifies Neuropilin-1-positive Foxp3-positive cells; the originally printed negative-marker label was wrong. The notice does not amend the Foxp3 histone-acetylation result cited here. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13041\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nCommensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. · 2013 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24226770/ · DOI 10.1038/nature12721","model_system":"Mouse naive T-cell differentiation, chromatin measurements and colitis experiments.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"33205bb8-dcbe-5d2c-afca-86075d7748d1","stable_key":"import-104835a3-b891-5dc4-a6bb-42ab7c6f96c4","title":"Butyrate: microbial production, fuel use, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"a1253eb4426fc45d7b7c113028aa4ba2e9f89a9653272f3795437fc222bad558","revision_id":"c2320e65-a252-57a9-8838-7abf3d23400e","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}