{"id":"dea07cd4-1513-5e06-b4cc-1e4d787a80b6","stable_key":"7484635e-cc8f-5cd6-a978-6dc5775a7db5:berberine-butyrate-ptb","predicate":"upregulates_bacterial_route_involving","statement":"The study reported increased bacterial phosphotransbutyrylase in the pathway associated with increased butyrate production.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"e31788c3-021a-5722-9cab-4d6579644148","mechanism_event_label":"Each bacterial enzyme family is recorded independently; species and isoform remain unresolved.","subject":{"id":"7bbe0633-b2f1-510f-adc0-3c4d0ddad05d","slug":"berberine","display_name":"Berberine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"66d6fb6d-7739-5c1b-a222-4beb4cabc8ce","slug":"bacterial-phosphotransbutyrylases","display_name":"Bacterial phosphotransbutyrylases","entity_type_key":"protein_family"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"e31788c3-021a-5722-9cab-4d6579644148","stable_key":"7484635e-cc8f-5cd6-a978-6dc5775a7db5:berberine-butyrate-ptb-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"Each bacterial enzyme family is recorded independently; species and isoform remain unresolved.","description":"The study reported increased bacterial phosphotransbutyrylase in the pathway associated with increased butyrate production.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e7428a7f-d35a-5406-9904-a88984814833","slug":"butyrate","display_name":"Butyrate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"pathway_product","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7bbe0633-b2f1-510f-adc0-3c4d0ddad05d","slug":"berberine","display_name":"Berberine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"66d6fb6d-7739-5c1b-a222-4beb4cabc8ce","slug":"bacterial-phosphotransbutyrylases","display_name":"Bacterial phosphotransbutyrylases","entity_type_key":"protein_family"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/berberine-research/28403947.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"cfddc94ff2b2fde20038169c5734cb9d4968c6939ebb94052b9638c8043cc877\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 2151, \"text_sha256\": \"cfddc94ff2b2fde20038169c5734cb9d4968c6939ebb94052b9638c8043cc877\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Bacterial culture and animal route/antibiotic experiments","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Oral versus intraperitoneal berberine; antibiotics and direct butyrate comparison","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Preclinical evidence. Butyrate production was an indirect microbial route; injected berberine retained separate metabolic effects without raising butyrate. Does not establish probiotic synergy in people.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"berberine","display_name":"Berberine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Gut bacteria and rodents","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Each bacterial enzyme family is recorded independently; species and isoform remain unresolved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[berberine-p28403947] Berberine-induced bioactive metabolites of the gut microbiota improve energy metabolism. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28403947/ DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.003","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Short-chain fatty acid production","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"8f5a5e4e-a8ab-58a6-92f5-c7dd9bc101b2","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1026-1037","start_line":1026,"end_line":1037,"excerpt":"### berberine-butyrate-ptb\nThe study reported increased bacterial phosphotransbutyrylase in the pathway associated with increased butyrate production.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Berberine research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: Each bacterial enzyme family is recorded independently; species and isoform remain unresolved.\norganism: Gut bacteria and rodents\ntissue_or_cell_type: Short-chain fatty acid production\nexperimental_model: Bacterial culture and animal route/antibiotic experiments\nlimitations: Preclinical evidence. Butyrate production was an indirect microbial route; injected berberine retained separate metabolic effects without raising butyrate. Does not establish probiotic synergy in people.\nexposure: Oral versus intraperitoneal berberine; antibiotics and direct butyrate comparison\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/berberine-research/28403947.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"cfddc94ff2b2fde20038169c5734cb9d4968c6939ebb94052b9638c8043cc877\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 2151, \"text_sha256\": \"cfddc94ff2b2fde20038169c5734cb9d4968c6939ebb94052b9638c8043cc877\"}\n[berberine-p28403947] Berberine-induced bioactive metabolites of the gut microbiota improve energy metabolism. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28403947/ DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.003","model_system":"Bacterial culture and animal route/antibiotic experiments","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [berberine-p28403947] Berberine-induced bioactive metabolites of the gut microbiota improve energy metabolism. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28403947/ DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.003","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"9bb61e1d-e5cf-5b05-a9ca-409291f7a313","stable_key":"import-7484635e-cc8f-5cd6-a978-6dc5775a7db5","title":"Berberine: metabolism, nutrient connections and drug interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. 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