{"id":"dc915c3d-2689-5f92-a487-782bd2b2d0ea","stable_key":"e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b:mouse-glucose-label-null","predicate":"no_detected_change_in_recorded_comparison","statement":"Chronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"764eaacd-835c-5a2f-b84d-895a565a5aa1","mechanism_event_label":"Chronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.","subject":{"id":"5ce394a9-6ec6-56dd-866f-37d85c0556e4","slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"c1c2aef4-5f07-5c04-80b5-aad2dfed6ff9","slug":"mouse-brain-glucose-aa-label","display_name":"Mouse brain glucose-derived amino-acid labeling","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"764eaacd-835c-5a2f-b84d-895a565a5aa1","stable_key":"e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b:mouse-glucose-label-null-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Chronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.","description":"### mouse-glucose-label-null\n\nChronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.\nThis limits a blanket claim that ALCAR uniformly increases TCA-cycle neurotransmitter labeling.\nModel and exposure: Healthy mice; approximately 0.5 g/kg/day in drinking water for 25 days, followed by 13C-glucose tracing.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Chronic acetyl-L-carnitine alters brain energy metabolism and increases noradrenaline and serotonin content in healthy mice. | 2012 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22549035/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.008 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"5ce394a9-6ec6-56dd-866f-37d85c0556e4","slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Chronic ALCAR","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"c1c2aef4-5f07-5c04-80b5-aad2dfed6ff9","slug":"mouse-brain-glucose-aa-label","display_name":"Mouse brain glucose-derived amino-acid labeling","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"no_detected_change","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8637bb39-2c30-5168-baaf-3e613d831db0","slug":"glutamine","display_name":"L-Glutamine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"labeled amino-acid pool","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Chronic ALCAR\", \"comparator\": \"Untreated control mice\", \"endpoint\": \"Chronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.\", \"effect_direction\": \"no_detected_change\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Healthy mice; approximately 0.5 g/kg/day in drinking water for 25 days, followed by 13C-glucose tracing.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived curation with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Acetyl-L-carnitine collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Chronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Chronic acetyl-L-carnitine alters brain energy metabolism and increases noradrenaline and serotonin content in healthy mice. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22549035/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.008","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference mouse-glucose-label-null; This limits a blanket claim that ALCAR uniformly increases TCA-cycle neurotransmitter labeling.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"bb43d2ca-1655-5170-8f74-bedd7d439bf9","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 396-402","start_line":396,"end_line":402,"excerpt":"### mouse-glucose-label-null\n\nChronic ALCAR did not change glucose-derived labeling of glutamate, GABA or glutamine in the reported mouse experiment.\nThis limits a blanket claim that ALCAR uniformly increases TCA-cycle neurotransmitter labeling.\nModel and exposure: Healthy mice; approximately 0.5 g/kg/day in drinking water for 25 days, followed by 13C-glucose tracing.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Chronic acetyl-L-carnitine alters brain energy metabolism and increases noradrenaline and serotonin content in healthy mice. | 2012 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22549035/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.008 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","model_system":"Healthy mice; approximately 0.5 g/kg/day in drinking water for 25 days, followed by 13C-glucose tracing.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Original paraphrase in the retained reviewed reference, not a verbatim primary-paper quotation. Access level is explicit.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"2588f904-245a-597a-8a12-65118013fb90","stable_key":"import-e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b","title":"Acetyl-L-carnitine: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 6 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted original review of primary studies and clearly identified official records. Exact primary access is stated; no independent replication is claimed.","file_path":"","sha256":"84cc82d6fbb0fd5d73c4ce779e9f88e7f0184ba2d29b18ad0f153815380f2975","revision_id":"dac7a950-dbe5-5c7a-9c70-2ea711d5c71a","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}