{"id":"db439554-f43a-59c0-a798-c36746038089","stable_key":"c9aa15a1-8ba2-5913-b2dd-372af304bf87:fast-ampk-ulk","predicate":"phosphorylates_and_activates","statement":"Under glucose starvation AMPK directly activated Ulk1 through Ser317 and Ser777 phosphorylation.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"4e72be02-a669-5ef0-94cd-3fdd0214e316","mechanism_event_label":"Energy stress can act on the autophagy-starting machinery.","subject":{"id":"8128eec0-61cc-51ef-8d4e-5ec9678e8dfa","slug":"ampk-complexes","display_name":"AMP-activated protein kinase complexes","entity_type_key":"protein_family"},"object":{"id":"3b0658af-c665-51f7-8439-530c6da23aec","slug":"mouse-ulk1","display_name":"Mouse autophagy initiating kinase / Ulk1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"4e72be02-a669-5ef0-94cd-3fdd0214e316","stable_key":"c9aa15a1-8ba2-5913-b2dd-372af304bf87:fast-ampk-ulk-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Energy stress can act on the autophagy-starting machinery.","description":"Under glucose starvation AMPK directly activated Ulk1 through Ser317 and Ser777 phosphorylation.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"8128eec0-61cc-51ef-8d4e-5ec9678e8dfa","slug":"ampk-complexes","display_name":"AMP-activated protein kinase complexes","entity_type_key":"protein_family"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"3b0658af-c665-51f7-8439-530c6da23aec","slug":"mouse-ulk1","display_name":"Mouse autophagy initiating kinase / Ulk1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"adf10003-97b8-52a0-bf5f-2db39a5fe601","slug":"experimental-glucose-deprivation","display_name":"Experimental glucose deprivation","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mammalian cell experiments with study Ulk1 constructs; mouse residue numbering.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Do not transfer residue numbers to human ULK1 or infer a fasting-hour threshold.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Fasting physiological-state collection; human protocols, cellular deprivation and refeeding are distinguished.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"fasting","display_name":"Fasting / abstention from energy intake","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Energy stress can act on the autophagy-starting machinery.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"AMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21258367/ · DOI 10.1038/ncb2152","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"e6fbe6d6-35b1-56c0-8eea-a06acc744612","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 296-302","start_line":296,"end_line":302,"excerpt":"## fast-ampk-ulk\nEnergy stress can act on the autophagy-starting machinery.\nUnder glucose starvation AMPK directly activated Ulk1 through Ser317 and Ser777 phosphorylation.\nModel: Mammalian cell experiments with study Ulk1 constructs; mouse residue numbering.\nLimitations: Do not transfer residue numbers to human ULK1 or infer a fasting-hour threshold.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nAMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1. · 2011 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21258367/ · DOI 10.1038/ncb2152","model_system":"Mammalian cell experiments with study Ulk1 constructs; mouse residue numbering.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"921d1eb5-2c88-52b9-9898-60b2b5bf6029","stable_key":"import-c9aa15a1-8ba2-5913-b2dd-372af304bf87","title":"Fasting: fuel switching, nutrient sensing, ketone signaling, nutrient dependencies and refeeding (2026-09-18)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. 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