{"id":"d4ed6a72-c230-5a52-bfc3-bd86fbd0cd4f","stable_key":"ae1ed35d-8ce7-5936-9067-a641374bbf79:carnosine-ischemia-transporter","predicate":"preserves_expression","statement":"In the mouse ischemia study, carnosine treatment preserved astrocytic GLT-1 expression and decreased glutamate levels.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"ef105a0e-232a-5fd9-9a3f-6aaf1df5676e","mechanism_event_label":"Glutamate handling offered another downstream connection.","subject":{"id":"9998eb9b-0d09-58c9-885b-a442477dec8d","slug":"carnosine","display_name":"L-Carnosine / beta-alanyl-L-histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"fa33b3d4-c4c4-5ec5-96f8-c56728f400b7","slug":"mouse-slc1a2","display_name":"Mouse glutamate transporter GLT-1 / Slc1a2","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"ef105a0e-232a-5fd9-9a3f-6aaf1df5676e","stable_key":"ae1ed35d-8ce7-5936-9067-a641374bbf79:carnosine-ischemia-transporter-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Glutamate handling offered another downstream connection.","description":"In the mouse ischemia study, carnosine treatment preserved astrocytic GLT-1 expression and decreased glutamate levels.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"9998eb9b-0d09-58c9-885b-a442477dec8d","slug":"carnosine","display_name":"L-Carnosine / beta-alanyl-L-histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"fa33b3d4-c4c4-5ec5-96f8-c56728f400b7","slug":"mouse-slc1a2","display_name":"Mouse glutamate transporter GLT-1 / Slc1a2","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7da684a4-2641-5bc6-93ae-8c6aa384e487","slug":"glutamate","display_name":"L-Glutamate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b8daebe8-1227-5be2-b42d-8818895a0c5c","slug":"mouse-ischemic-astrocyte-glutamate","display_name":"Mouse ischemia-associated astrocyte glutamate handling","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse permanent MCAO; separate cultured-astrocyte results are not used here to assign culture species.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Preservation does not establish direct binding to GLT-1.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Carnosine collection; isomer, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"carnosine","display_name":"L-Carnosine / beta-alanyl-L-histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Glutamate handling offered another downstream connection.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Carnosine protects against permanent cerebral ischemia in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice by reducing glutamate excitotoxicity. · 2010 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20043985/ · DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.021","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"196e1f2c-425e-5ee9-bd98-1df5ba85453a","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 468-474","start_line":468,"end_line":474,"excerpt":"## carnosine-ischemia-transporter\nGlutamate handling offered another downstream connection.\nIn the mouse ischemia study, carnosine treatment preserved astrocytic GLT-1 expression and decreased glutamate levels.\nModel: Mouse permanent MCAO; separate cultured-astrocyte results are not used here to assign culture species.\nLimitations: Preservation does not establish direct binding to GLT-1.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nCarnosine protects against permanent cerebral ischemia in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice by reducing glutamate excitotoxicity. · 2010 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20043985/ · DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.021","model_system":"Mouse permanent MCAO; separate cultured-astrocyte results are not used here to assign culture species.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"87dc5af2-4eb6-5980-b7e0-bf3697b1156e","stable_key":"import-ae1ed35d-8ce7-5936-9067-a641374bbf79","title":"Carnosine: synthesis, transport, carbonyl chemistry and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; 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