{"id":"d45f912e-89a5-5045-8673-8dd70ee6b024","stable_key":"e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b:acetylcholine-coa","predicate":"decreases_in_recorded_comparison","statement":"Omitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"fc913132-8138-5148-9f2b-d488ee4ce978","mechanism_event_label":"Omitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.","subject":{"id":"4faa6456-aff8-59eb-9e3f-3326a436e401","slug":"coenzyme-a","display_name":"Coenzyme A","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"963557c0-40f9-5d57-8bb2-83336a873b58","slug":"rat-alcar-acetylcholine-label","display_name":"Rat brain acetylcholine labeling from ALCAR","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"fc913132-8138-5148-9f2b-d488ee4ce978","stable_key":"e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b:acetylcholine-coa-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Omitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.","description":"### acetylcholine-coa\n\nOmitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.\nThis is a reaction requirement. Neither choline nor acetyl substrate is established as always rate-limiting in living humans.\nModel and exposure: Coupled enzyme and rat-brain preparation assays; indexed primary abstract.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Acetyl-L-carnitine as a precursor of acetylcholine. | 1990 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2215852/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00973749 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"4faa6456-aff8-59eb-9e3f-3326a436e401","slug":"coenzyme-a","display_name":"Coenzyme A","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"CoA omitted from transfer system","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"963557c0-40f9-5d57-8bb2-83336a873b58","slug":"rat-alcar-acetylcholine-label","display_name":"Rat brain acetylcholine labeling from ALCAR","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"decrease","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8e1d19fd-ad66-575d-81c4-9122f78915e5","slug":"choline","display_name":"Choline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"cosubstrate","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"38a51ef2-8cfd-5c64-aca5-b9b5c7e4f65c","slug":"rat-chat","display_name":"Rat choline acetyltransferase / Chat","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"catalyst","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"availability_state","value_text":"machinery_impairment","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Imported condition classification; unverified.","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"acetyl donor supplied","comparator":"CoA present","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"omitted","comparator":"CoA present","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"coenzyme-a","display_name":"Coenzyme A","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"CoA omitted from transfer system\", \"comparator\": \"CoA present\", \"endpoint\": \"Omitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.\", \"effect_direction\": \"decrease\", \"combination\": \"joint\", \"conditions\": [{\"entity_slug\": \"coenzyme-a\", \"state\": \"omitted\"}, {\"entity_slug\": \"acetylcarnitine\", \"state\": \"acetyl donor supplied\"}]}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Coupled enzyme and rat-brain preparation assays; indexed primary abstract.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived curation with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Acetyl-L-carnitine collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"acetylcarnitine","display_name":"Acetyl-L-carnitine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Omitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Acetyl-L-carnitine as a precursor of acetylcholine. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2215852/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00973749","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference acetylcholine-coa; This is a reaction requirement. Neither choline nor acetyl substrate is established as always rate-limiting in living humans.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"trigger_kind","value_text":"machinery_impairment","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Imported condition classification; unverified.","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"a0a37a2e-5851-51d7-9572-c94d3cea8a2d","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 156-162","start_line":156,"end_line":162,"excerpt":"### acetylcholine-coa\n\nOmitting CoA prevented the reported transfer of ALCAR acetyl groups into acetylcholine.\nThis is a reaction requirement. Neither choline nor acetyl substrate is established as always rate-limiting in living humans.\nModel and exposure: Coupled enzyme and rat-brain preparation assays; indexed primary abstract.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Acetyl-L-carnitine as a precursor of acetylcholine. | 1990 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2215852/ | https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00973749 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","model_system":"Coupled enzyme and rat-brain preparation assays; indexed primary abstract.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Original paraphrase in the retained reviewed reference, not a verbatim primary-paper quotation. Access level is explicit.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"2588f904-245a-597a-8a12-65118013fb90","stable_key":"import-e3f6ce02-0bd7-5103-acc1-68503ab6751b","title":"Acetyl-L-carnitine: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 6 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted original review of primary studies and clearly identified official records. Exact primary access is stated; no independent replication is claimed.","file_path":"","sha256":"84cc82d6fbb0fd5d73c4ce779e9f88e7f0184ba2d29b18ad0f153815380f2975","revision_id":"dac7a950-dbe5-5c7a-9c70-2ea711d5c71a","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}