{"id":"d29c426a-74aa-54c5-9a58-4e1425fab626","stable_key":"a8bedee0-a740-5bbb-921e-bfd144c7b68c:astaxanthin-pgc1a-expression","predicate":"increases","statement":"Two weeks of astaxanthin feeding increased PGC-1alpha and downstream mitochondrial proteins in exercised mouse muscle.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"b7623d45-8acf-5cdc-bcd4-6e48f3c9b859","mechanism_event_label":"The muscle expressed more components associated with mitochondrial capacity.","subject":{"id":"1bf8b9c0-9c38-5c8a-b5da-f00b0eeca36f","slug":"astaxanthin","display_name":"Astaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"8045f158-6679-5caf-bf7c-c590e40176b1","slug":"mouse-ppargc1a","display_name":"Mouse PGC-1alpha / Ppargc1a","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"b7623d45-8acf-5cdc-bcd4-6e48f3c9b859","stable_key":"a8bedee0-a740-5bbb-921e-bfd144c7b68c:astaxanthin-pgc1a-expression-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"The muscle expressed more components associated with mitochondrial capacity.","description":"Two weeks of astaxanthin feeding increased PGC-1alpha and downstream mitochondrial proteins in exercised mouse muscle.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"1bf8b9c0-9c38-5c8a-b5da-f00b0eeca36f","slug":"astaxanthin","display_name":"Astaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"8045f158-6679-5caf-bf7c-c590e40176b1","slug":"mouse-ppargc1a","display_name":"Mouse PGC-1alpha / Ppargc1a","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse feeding and exercise experiment.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Expression alone does not establish necessity of PGC-1alpha or predict a human exercise response.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Astaxanthin collection; molecular form, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"astaxanthin","display_name":"Astaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The muscle expressed more components associated with mitochondrial capacity.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"The astaxanthin-induced improvement in lipid metabolism during exercise is mediated by a PGC-1α increase in skeletal muscle. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24688216/ · DOI 10.3164/jcbn.13-110","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"1a5b0cf9-388c-54a4-828d-2e9cd2686023","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 350-356","start_line":350,"end_line":356,"excerpt":"## astaxanthin-pgc1a-expression\nThe muscle expressed more components associated with mitochondrial capacity.\nTwo weeks of astaxanthin feeding increased PGC-1alpha and downstream mitochondrial proteins in exercised mouse muscle.\nModel: Mouse feeding and exercise experiment.\nLimitations: Expression alone does not establish necessity of PGC-1alpha or predict a human exercise response.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nThe astaxanthin-induced improvement in lipid metabolism during exercise is mediated by a PGC-1α increase in skeletal muscle. · 2014 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24688216/ · DOI 10.3164/jcbn.13-110","model_system":"Mouse feeding and exercise experiment.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"4fd91ea6-78b4-5bfe-93e3-686fbef9f678","stable_key":"import-a8bedee0-a740-5bbb-921e-bfd144c7b68c","title":"Astaxanthin: transport, membrane chemistry, signaling and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"98640e32f62e6c0387578165342ad21b3d2325701fcfdbb5c48886c783040e5e","revision_id":"a82757ce-1feb-582c-a5fc-f7de36308f1f","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}