{"id":"d057d311-d7da-56b4-b13c-2a1e9d6d547d","stable_key":"8600a864-6653-52c7-9718-1362c5af4577:gamma-nonalactone-sucrose-sweetness","predicate":"enhances_perception","statement":"Adding gamma-nonalactone increased rated sweetness of 5% sucrose solution by a reported 23.0% at the optimal tested concentration.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"b562ef0c-03b7-57ad-b105-2d102c9ae71d","mechanism_event_label":"Adding gamma-nonalactone increased rated sweetness of 5% sucrose solution by a reported 23.0% at the optimal tested concentration.","subject":{"id":"2b85fa4a-5c91-5de9-aead-a443bc4394af","slug":"gamma-nonalactone","display_name":"Gamma-nonalactone","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"44b33329-ab3f-5717-a2be-45cdbf469100","slug":"human-sucrose-sweetness-perception","display_name":"Human perceived sweetness of sucrose solution","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"b562ef0c-03b7-57ad-b105-2d102c9ae71d","stable_key":"8600a864-6653-52c7-9718-1362c5af4577:gamma-nonalactone-sucrose-sweetness-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Adding gamma-nonalactone increased rated sweetness of 5% sucrose solution by a reported 23.0% at the optimal tested concentration.","description":"Adding gamma-nonalactone increased rated sweetness of 5% sucrose solution by a reported 23.0% at the optimal tested concentration.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"2b85fa4a-5c91-5de9-aead-a443bc4394af","slug":"gamma-nonalactone","display_name":"Gamma-nonalactone","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"44b33329-ab3f-5717-a2be-45cdbf469100","slug":"human-sucrose-sweetness-perception","display_name":"Human perceived sweetness of sucrose solution","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"82558bd0-1a84-574a-a04c-10609c9c5dba","slug":"sucrose","display_name":"Sucrose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Gamma-nonalactone concentration series; optimal sweetness reported at 10 mg/kg solution; propylene glycol used at 0.1-0.2% for poorly soluble compounds","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Acute sensory sessions; at least 2 min between samples","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full-text methods/results inspected; PubMed metadata where indexed.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Ten trained human sensory evaluators; five men and five women, mean age 24 years","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Small trained panel and matrix-specific perception, not a glycemic or dietary-intake trial. Docking and molecular dynamics do not prove T1R2/T1R3 activation or binding.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Gamma-nonalactone flavor-compound chapter; nutrient and drug interactions retain their experimental settings.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"gamma-nonalactone","display_name":"Gamma-nonalactone","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Ten trained human sensory evaluators; five men and five women, mean age 24 years","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Adding gamma-nonalactone increased rated sweetness of 5% sucrose solution by a reported 23.0% at the optimal tested concentration.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Sweetness enhancement and mechanism by sweet aroma compounds in the sucrose solution using sensory, electronic tongue, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41884462/ DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2026.103753","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral tasting followed by expectoration","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Sweetness ratings in 5% sucrose solution","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"82d088b2-f4a9-5199-9958-01e403f1a185","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 235-244","start_line":235,"end_line":244,"excerpt":"## gamma-nonalactone-sucrose-sweetness\nAdding gamma-nonalactone increased rated sweetness of 5% sucrose solution by a reported 23.0% at the optimal tested concentration.\nModel/species: Ten trained human sensory evaluators; five men and five women, mean age 24 years\nTissue: Sweetness ratings in 5% sucrose solution\nExposure: Gamma-nonalactone concentration series; optimal sweetness reported at 10 mg/kg solution; propylene glycol used at 0.1-0.2% for poorly soluble compounds\nRoute: Oral tasting followed by expectoration\nDuration: Acute sensory sessions; at least 2 min between samples\nLimits: Small trained panel and matrix-specific perception, not a glycemic or dietary-intake trial. Docking and molecular dynamics do not prove T1R2/T1R3 activation or binding.\nPrimary reference: Sweetness enhancement and mechanism by sweet aroma compounds in the sucrose solution using sensory, electronic tongue, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. (2026). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41884462/ DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2026.103753\nAccess: Primary full-text methods/results inspected; PubMed metadata where indexed.","model_system":"Ten trained human sensory evaluators; five men and five women, mean age 24 years","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span with primary citation; not a publisher quotation.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"73777c54-95a4-5b07-9d14-d4dd31949fb1","stable_key":"import-8600a864-6653-52c7-9718-1362c5af4577","title":"Gamma-nonalactone: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of eight primary studies. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"a6fede6fbb2b70669be6846626f9c197edfd605c627d50fffa984e2b0b7ed71d","revision_id":"bb5ac9d2-d97d-59ac-a99c-ddf46d535574","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}