{"id":"cccede7c-6e35-5461-a3e8-9c4543bc0936","stable_key":"18100170-a014-51c3-adeb-9dab4162b8cc:pituitary-acth","predicate":"increases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"Picomolar zinc-thymulin stimulated ACTH in isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue with cAMP-associated changes.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"8b247a2e-8b84-50b7-be4f-aa07469c6f87","mechanism_event_label":"Picomolar zinc-thymulin stimulated ACTH in isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue with cAMP-associated changes.","subject":{"id":"23819462-9bdf-5856-beac-68b3dca9cf85","slug":"thymulin","display_name":"Thymulin","entity_type_key":"peptide"},"object":{"id":"200b1968-6d3a-5b93-ac91-acfc5067c2e9","slug":"rat-pituitary-acth-release","display_name":"Rat anterior-pituitary ACTH release","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"8b247a2e-8b84-50b7-be4f-aa07469c6f87","stable_key":"18100170-a014-51c3-adeb-9dab4162b8cc:pituitary-acth-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Picomolar zinc-thymulin stimulated ACTH in isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue with cAMP-associated changes.","description":"In isolated rat anterior pituitary tissue, picomolar zinc–thymulin stimulated ACTH, accompanied by cAMP changes and cGMP changes at higher tested concentrations. A cAMP-directed phosphodiesterase inhibitor enhanced some responses, whereas the cGMP-directed inhibitor attenuated responses at higher concentrations. LH increased at selected concentrations, **GH did not**, and prolactin decreased. This does not establish human cortisol elevation or blood–brain barrier passage. [1997 study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9483196/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"23819462-9bdf-5856-beac-68b3dca9cf85","slug":"thymulin","display_name":"Thymulin","entity_type_key":"peptide"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Picomolar zinc-thymulin","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"200b1968-6d3a-5b93-ac91-acfc5067c2e9","slug":"rat-pituitary-acth-release","display_name":"Rat anterior-pituitary ACTH release","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"increase","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"49c806c2-7041-5020-8b3b-fa04ffa122ac","slug":"zinc-ion","display_name":"Zinc(II) ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"peptide-associated metal","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ad0ccd02-b864-5373-b21e-85aa6d912f73","slug":"intracellular-camp-content","display_name":"Intracellular cyclic AMP content","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"associated messenger","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary bibliographic record and abstract checked; full methods/figures not comprehensively reviewed.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Picomolar zinc-thymulin\", \"comparator\": \"Matched tissue control\", \"endpoint\": \"Picomolar zinc-thymulin stimulated ACTH in isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue with cAMP-associated changes.\", \"effect_direction\": \"increase\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue; picomolar zinc-thymulin; concentration-dependent cAMP/cGMP responses. Not human cortisol measurement.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Interpret only within the recorded preparation, exposure and comparator. The complete source passage retains qualifications; unspecified doses/timing have not been extracted here. No clinical efficacy, nutrient deficiency or unique molecular mediation is inferred.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Picomolar zinc-thymulin stimulated ACTH in isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue with cAMP-associated changes.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Thymulin stimulates corticotrophin release and cyclic nucleotide formation in the rat anterior pituitary gland. | 1997 | DOI 10.1159/000097322 | PMID 9483196 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9483196/","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 104-104; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"c91e5cd5-3ed0-5d0b-aef9-a19f8829dec9","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 104-104","start_line":104,"end_line":104,"excerpt":"In isolated rat anterior pituitary tissue, picomolar zinc–thymulin stimulated ACTH, accompanied by cAMP changes and cGMP changes at higher tested concentrations. A cAMP-directed phosphodiesterase inhibitor enhanced some responses, whereas the cGMP-directed inhibitor attenuated responses at higher concentrations. LH increased at selected concentrations, **GH did not**, and prolactin decreased. This does not establish human cortisol elevation or blood–brain barrier passage. [1997 study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9483196/)","model_system":"Isolated rat anterior-pituitary tissue; picomolar zinc-thymulin; concentration-dependent cAMP/cGMP responses. Not human cortisol measurement.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. 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