{"id":"bfb9a102-2bd6-5639-ae60-4029e912bc53","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:adduct-human-hmgb1","predicate":"s_thioallylation_detected_on","statement":"S-thioallylation was detected on Human high mobility group box 1 / HMGB1 in allicin-exposed Jurkat cells.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"a93085f3-56af-5ff0-8ac4-ca710592ae8b","mechanism_event_label":"S-thioallylation was detected on Human high mobility group box 1 / HMGB1 in allicin-exposed Jurkat cells.","subject":{"id":"85c86fcf-3060-5fae-b567-4f089990ab2d","slug":"allicin","display_name":"Allicin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"7db71b50-2ab2-5aee-b9e3-42d9e09b0e17","slug":"human-hmgb1","display_name":"Human high mobility group box 1 / HMGB1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"a93085f3-56af-5ff0-8ac4-ca710592ae8b","stable_key":"c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8:adduct-human-hmgb1-event","event_type":"protein_covalent_modification","label":"S-thioallylation was detected on Human high mobility group box 1 / HMGB1 in allicin-exposed Jurkat cells.","description":"**The human protein experiment.** Direct exposure of Jurkat cells to 100 µM allicin for ten minutes produced S-thioallylated peptides from 332 proteins, detected by an approximately +72-Da cysteine modification. Total free thiols fell by about half. Targets reported in the main text include ALDOA, GAPDH, PKM, ENO1, SOD1, PRDX1, CFL1, LCP1, FLNA, FLNB, HSPA4, EEF2, and HMGB1, alongside actin, tubulin, and HSP90 groups. These are adduct records; individual isoforms are not invented where unresolved. ENO1-associated lysate activity decreased, while the twenty-four-hour MTT readout was unchanged at up to 100 µM. MTT preservation does not mean every cellular function was unaffected. [Gruhlke 2019](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6342545/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"85c86fcf-3060-5fae-b567-4f089990ab2d","slug":"allicin","display_name":"Allicin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"as reported","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7db71b50-2ab2-5aee-b9e3-42d9e09b0e17","slug":"human-hmgb1","display_name":"Human high mobility group box 1 / HMGB1","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"not_reported","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text available; selected claim-relevant methods, results, tables/figures and limitations reviewed. Supplemental proteome and all secondary findings are not exhaustively extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human Jurkat cells, 100 uM allicin, ten minutes; main-text proteomic target identification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Protein modification detected; no blanket inhibition, protein depletion, necessity for phenotype, or oral target engagement is asserted. Isoform is retained as unresolved where appropriate.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"S-thioallylation was detected on Human high mobility group box 1 / HMGB1 in allicin-exposed Jurkat cells.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"The human allicin-proteome: S-thioallylation of proteins by the garlic defence substance allicin and its biological effects. | 2019 | DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.022 | PMID 30500420 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30500420/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6342545/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.022","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 43-43; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"ac4fe83c-718d-5451-90f2-7a024c7b3555","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 43-43","start_line":43,"end_line":43,"excerpt":"**The human protein experiment.** Direct exposure of Jurkat cells to 100 µM allicin for ten minutes produced S-thioallylated peptides from 332 proteins, detected by an approximately +72-Da cysteine modification. Total free thiols fell by about half. Targets reported in the main text include ALDOA, GAPDH, PKM, ENO1, SOD1, PRDX1, CFL1, LCP1, FLNA, FLNB, HSPA4, EEF2, and HMGB1, alongside actin, tubulin, and HSP90 groups. These are adduct records; individual isoforms are not invented where unresolved. ENO1-associated lysate activity decreased, while the twenty-four-hour MTT readout was unchanged at up to 100 µM. MTT preservation does not mean every cellular function was unaffected. [Gruhlke 2019](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6342545/)","model_system":"Human Jurkat cells, 100 uM allicin, ten minutes; main-text proteomic target identification.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"10820a6b-594a-547d-97f9-906ab4cc1d6e","stable_key":"import-c836a883-ac18-5eb2-9971-2f0b542feba8","title":"Allicin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 5 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"2475d3eb681100a0a34577a47b7cba5b251df866fbd6ce795122ccabee360018","revision_id":"590df96d-2ed1-5763-b04c-bf0e096e603c","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}