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Stable versus rising HOMA-IR does not show direct mediation by TNF-alpha; no molecular target was tested.\nexposure: Four months; vitamin D3 50,000 IU/week, chromium picolinate reported as 500 µg/day, both or placebo\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/chromium-research/31593637.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Exact primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"9815b482cfc5655a11a3192ca21b47c903e8722a3b9b9e7d770e92e9fb94bfa9\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1523, \"text_sha256\": \"9815b482cfc5655a11a3192ca21b47c903e8722a3b9b9e7d770e92e9fb94bfa9\"}\n[chromium-p31593637] The effects of chromium and vitamin D3 co-supplementation on insulin resistance and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. 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