{"id":"b8efcda3-5574-5392-8c45-7aab815c75a3","stable_key":"773f772e-bf8e-5e52-a2a2-6dd694d67f5d:bromelain-exvivo-coagulation","predicate":"reduces","statement":"Adding bromelain ex vivo reduced coagulability, prolonged PT/APTT, and reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human blood samples.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"e8be6340-1f65-5d45-9a56-70a665322ba7","mechanism_event_label":"Adding bromelain ex vivo reduced coagulability, prolonged PT/APTT, and reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human blood samples.","subject":{"id":"6a3990e6-85af-58c7-8087-8a251db842fa","slug":"bromelain","display_name":"Bromelain","entity_type_key":"peptide"},"object":{"id":"61d4b05b-3f45-54fb-87fd-9d8cc7ed753f","slug":"human-whole-blood-coagulability","display_name":"Human whole-blood coagulability measured by thromboelastography","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"e8be6340-1f65-5d45-9a56-70a665322ba7","stable_key":"773f772e-bf8e-5e52-a2a2-6dd694d67f5d:bromelain-exvivo-coagulation-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Adding bromelain ex vivo reduced coagulability, prolonged PT/APTT, and reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human blood samples.","description":"Adding bromelain ex vivo reduced coagulability, prolonged PT/APTT, and reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human blood samples.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"6a3990e6-85af-58c7-8087-8a251db842fa","slug":"bromelain","display_name":"Bromelain","entity_type_key":"peptide"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"61d4b05b-3f45-54fb-87fd-9d8cc7ed753f","slug":"human-whole-blood-coagulability","display_name":"Human whole-blood coagulability measured by thromboelastography","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"136c3764-1b93-5f79-8673-9001cab9bc3d","slug":"adp","display_name":"Adenosine diphosphate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Bromelain 0.4 U/mL","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Acute","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract and indexed metadata reviewed. 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(2016). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25517253/ DOI: 10.1097/MBC.0000000000000244","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Ex vivo addition","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Thromboelastography, PT, APTT and platelet aggregation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"e177e7a7-f4b6-5926-953a-ae899a355c9f","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 110-119","start_line":110,"end_line":119,"excerpt":"## bromelain-exvivo-coagulation\nAdding bromelain ex vivo reduced coagulability, prolonged PT/APTT, and reduced ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human blood samples.\nModel/species: Human normal and hypercoagulable blood samples\nTissue/system: Thromboelastography, PT, APTT and platelet aggregation\nExposure: Bromelain 0.4 U/mL\nRoute: Ex vivo addition\nDuration: Acute\nLimits: Neither oral nor intravenous exposure was tested; the small mouse experiment showed a nonsignificant trend toward hypercoagulability after intraperitoneal dosing.\nPrimary reference: Bromelain has paradoxical effects on blood coagulability: a study using thromboelastography. 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