{"id":"b4844599-d367-55ae-b001-7a00928cf8f4","stable_key":"6d38d43e-01e4-5641-93be-65654271e242:zn-clin-cold-tolerability","predicate":"increased_reported","statement":"No adverse effects were reported by 37% of zinc recipients compared with 69% of placebo recipients. Taste was a prominent tolerability issue.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"8ebe396e-f08b-53ce-a04d-147686035c4e","mechanism_event_label":"The zinc lozenge caused more reported side effects.","subject":{"id":"e3ffa4c2-7a90-54df-9c08-1a296e4f6c02","slug":"zinc-acetate","display_name":"Zinc acetate","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"object":{"id":"7887aac3-4b82-5737-81d7-d5e3a2df54c5","slug":"zinc-lozenge-adverse-effects","display_name":"Adverse effects during zinc lozenge use","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"8ebe396e-f08b-53ce-a04d-147686035c4e","stable_key":"6d38d43e-01e4-5641-93be-65654271e242:zn-clin-cold-tolerability-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"The zinc lozenge caused more reported side effects.","description":"No adverse effects were reported by 37% of zinc recipients compared with 69% of placebo recipients. Taste was a prominent tolerability issue.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"e3ffa4c2-7a90-54df-9c08-1a296e4f6c02","slug":"zinc-acetate","display_name":"Zinc acetate","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7887aac3-4b82-5737-81d7-d5e3a2df54c5","slug":"zinc-lozenge-adverse-effects","display_name":"Adverse effects during zinc lozenge use","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"cross_nutrient","value_text":"Zinc exposure and the specifically measured response.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_location","value_text":"Indexed primary abstract; accessible manuscript Methods and Results also inspected.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/zinc-clinical-sources/hemila2020.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; complete local file\", \"file_sha256\": \"581a713c4eeae243c2c96cb508cfe731318175d77c781476575775c09b6e9913\", \"utf8_bytes\": 2004}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Finnish trial: 253 packages allocated; 87 colds analyzed","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"Commercial acetate lozenges: 13 mg elemental zinc, six times daily, at most five days; nominal 78 mg/day.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"This specific formulation dissolved in about eight minutes. Authors extended planned seven-day recovery analysis to ten days after finding no significant difference. Results do not identify why other formulations differ.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Zinc research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"zinc","display_name":"Zinc","entity_type_key":"nutrient_element"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Homo sapiens","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The zinc lozenge caused more reported side effects.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[zn-clin-hemila2020] Zinc acetate lozenges for the treatment of the common cold: a randomised controlled trial. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31980506/ DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031662","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Upper respiratory symptoms and tolerability","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"8090dcfb-c955-5f88-8b7b-066dd70cbd79","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1573-1586","start_line":1573,"end_line":1586,"excerpt":"### zn-clin-cold-tolerability\nNo adverse effects were reported by 37% of zinc recipients compared with 69% of placebo recipients. Taste was a prominent tolerability issue.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Zinc research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: The zinc lozenge caused more reported side effects.\norganism: Homo sapiens\ntissue_or_cell_type: Upper respiratory symptoms and tolerability\nexperimental_model: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Finnish trial: 253 packages allocated; 87 colds analyzed\nlimitations: This specific formulation dissolved in about eight minutes. Authors extended planned seven-day recovery analysis to ten days after finding no significant difference. Results do not identify why other formulations differ.\nexposure: Commercial acetate lozenges: 13 mg elemental zinc, six times daily, at most five days; nominal 78 mg/day.\ncross_nutrient: Zinc exposure and the specifically measured response.\nevidence_location: Indexed primary abstract; accessible manuscript Methods and Results also inspected.\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/zinc-clinical-sources/hemila2020.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; complete local file\", \"file_sha256\": \"581a713c4eeae243c2c96cb508cfe731318175d77c781476575775c09b6e9913\", \"utf8_bytes\": 2004}\n[zn-clin-hemila2020] Zinc acetate lozenges for the treatment of the common cold: a randomised controlled trial. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31980506/ DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031662","model_system":"Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Finnish trial: 253 packages allocated; 87 colds analyzed","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [zn-clin-hemila2020] Zinc acetate lozenges for the treatment of the common cold: a randomised controlled trial. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31980506/ DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031662","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"c5ee0fee-ce5c-58de-905a-10fb0ea0723c","stable_key":"import-6d38d43e-01e4-5641-93be-65654271e242","title":"Zinc: transport, enzyme loading, deficiency and nutrient interactions (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. 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