{"id":"b1c99931-6f90-5945-ae39-33ac41871ea0","stable_key":"35ec55a7-323c-5c28-979e-3bdafe9d5769:vitaminc-formulation","predicate":"increases_in_recorded_experiment","statement":"Ascorbic acid accelerated cyanidin-3-galactoside color loss at pH 3 and 25 C; 1000 mg/L shortened the modeled color half-life to about 0.3 days.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"9f3eb670-29e6-581e-af0b-021a719b1388","mechanism_event_label":"Ascorbic acid accelerated cyanidin-3-galactoside color loss at pH 3 and 25 C; 1000 mg/L shortened the modeled color half-life to about 0.3 days.","subject":{"id":"38d0c4d9-53d1-5239-bfe3-c1b5e9b79085","slug":"ascorbate","display_name":"L-Ascorbate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"789568c1-9cd9-5f5a-97db-96c7b68b9444","slug":"c3gal-formulation-color-loss","display_name":"Cyanidin-3-galactoside formulation color loss","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"9f3eb670-29e6-581e-af0b-021a719b1388","stable_key":"35ec55a7-323c-5c28-979e-3bdafe9d5769:vitaminc-formulation-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"Ascorbic acid accelerated cyanidin-3-galactoside color loss at pH 3 and 25 C; 1000 mg/L shortened the modeled color half-life to about 0.3 days.","description":"**Vitamin C can accelerate pigment loss in a formulation.** At pH 3 and 25 °C, added ascorbic acid accelerated bleaching of cyanidin-3-galactoside and chokeberry pigments. At 1,000 mg/L ascorbic acid, the modeled cyanidin-3-galactoside color half-life fell from about 22.8 days to 0.3 days. A carboxypyrano derivative resisted bleaching better but still reacted. These are storage chemistry and chemical-identity findings, not evidence that eating berries with vitamin C is harmful or causes systemic vitamin depletion. Color retention and intact-molecule retention must also be distinguished. [Farr and Giusti, 2018](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6017693/).","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"38d0c4d9-53d1-5239-bfe3-c1b5e9b79085","slug":"ascorbate","display_name":"L-Ascorbate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Cyanidin-3-galactoside with added ascorbic acid","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"789568c1-9cd9-5f5a-97db-96c7b68b9444","slug":"c3gal-formulation-color-loss","display_name":"Cyanidin-3-galactoside formulation color loss","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"increase","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"cdefc5e0-c2d6-52d7-881d-b9e15ffb217e","slug":"cyanidin-3-galactoside","display_name":"Cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"reacting pigment","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Full text retrieved; relevant methods/results/figure text reviewed. No independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"present","comparator":"Same pigment without added ascorbic acid","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"cyanidin-3-galactoside","display_name":"Cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"experimental_condition","value_text":"added","comparator":"Same pigment without added ascorbic acid","unit":null,"notes":"Condition belongs to the full experimental contrast; do not separate a joint intervention.","entity":{"slug":"ascorbate","display_name":"L-Ascorbate","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Cyanidin-3-galactoside with added ascorbic acid\", \"comparator\": \"Same pigment without added ascorbic acid\", \"endpoint\": \"Ascorbic acid accelerated cyanidin-3-galactoside color loss at pH 3 and 25 C; 1000 mg/L shortened the modeled color half-life to about 0.3 days.\", \"effect_direction\": \"increase\", \"combination\": \"joint\", \"conditions\": [{\"entity_slug\": \"ascorbate\", \"state\": \"added\"}, {\"entity_slug\": \"cyanidin-3-galactoside\", \"state\": \"present\"}]}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; source-derived draft.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Cell-free pH 3 citrate-buffer formulation stored in the dark at 25 C; 250-1000 mg/L ascorbic acid; five-day observation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Formulation chemistry; modeled absorbance decay is not human pharmacokinetics, loss of all biological activity, or systemic vitamin depletion.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Ascorbic acid accelerated cyanidin-3-galactoside color loss at pH 3 and 25 C; 1000 mg/L shortened the modeled color half-life to about 0.3 days.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Investigating the Interaction of Ascorbic Acid with Anthocyanins and Pyranoanthocyanins. | 2018 | DOI 10.3390/molecules23040744 | PMID 29570649 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570649/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6017693/ | https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040744","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 86-86; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"b304b7d4-8d56-5e36-bfea-1cf96ab75ee1","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 86-86","start_line":86,"end_line":86,"excerpt":"**Vitamin C can accelerate pigment loss in a formulation.** At pH 3 and 25 °C, added ascorbic acid accelerated bleaching of cyanidin-3-galactoside and chokeberry pigments. At 1,000 mg/L ascorbic acid, the modeled cyanidin-3-galactoside color half-life fell from about 22.8 days to 0.3 days. A carboxypyrano derivative resisted bleaching better but still reacted. These are storage chemistry and chemical-identity findings, not evidence that eating berries with vitamin C is harmful or causes systemic vitamin depletion. Color retention and intact-molecule retention must also be distinguished. [Farr and Giusti, 2018](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6017693/).","model_system":"Cell-free pH 3 citrate-buffer formulation stored in the dark at 25 C; 250-1000 mg/L ascorbic acid; five-day observation.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. Not a verbatim quotation from a primary paper.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"b08e7f7d-4d34-56d7-a185-2124f8d72b3c","stable_key":"import-35ec55a7-323c-5c28-979e-3bdafe9d5769","title":"Anthocyanins: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 4 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted review of primary studies and, where relevant, official regulatory records. Access level is retained per claim. Corrections, null results and unresolved questions remain explicit. Not publisher full text or independent replication.","file_path":"","sha256":"7cff1a47fbd9c625412b84162b1c823004b4162b7c009f9a11d5807fb8e04ef9","revision_id":"1bd4fa42-bfeb-5148-8250-fc363d8c1de0","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}