{"id":"afdfe5a5-92f0-5cc1-aabf-e107810a8cef","stable_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-pc3-gsh","predicate":"decreases_in_recorded_comparison","statement":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"negative","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"3990beb3-c290-5c99-b44f-2aa10306963d","mechanism_event_label":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.","subject":{"id":"4425961f-4764-56d3-9887-87e47749379b","slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"b44c9e27-4bbb-52d3-a022-14cddded5073","slug":"glutathione","display_name":"GSH","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"3990beb3-c290-5c99-b44f-2aa10306963d","stable_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-pc3-gsh-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.","description":"### api-pc3-gsh\n\nApigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.\nLater drug-potentiation comparisons in the abstract used chrysin/chalcone and must not be reassigned to apigenin. This is not a demonstrated nutritional GSH depletion syndrome.\nModel and exposure: Human prostate-cancer PC-3 cells; primary abstract.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Flavonoid-induced glutathione depletion: potential implications for cancer treatment. | 2006 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16781454/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3983951/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.03.002 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"4425961f-4764-56d3-9887-87e47749379b","slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"Apigenin exposure","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b44c9e27-4bbb-52d3-a022-14cddded5073","slug":"glutathione","display_name":"GSH","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"decrease","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"Apigenin exposure\", \"comparator\": \"Vehicle\", \"endpoint\": \"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.\", \"effect_direction\": \"decrease\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; recorded from source.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human prostate-cancer PC-3 cells; primary abstract.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Apigenin collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Flavonoid-induced glutathione depletion: potential implications for cancer treatment. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16781454/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3983951/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.03.002","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference api-pc3-gsh; Later drug-potentiation comparisons in the abstract used chrysin/chalcone and must not be reassigned to apigenin. This is not a demonstrated nutritional GSH depletion syndrome.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"6e24f667-c12c-5715-a709-c5d32639a797","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 904-910","start_line":904,"end_line":910,"excerpt":"### api-pc3-gsh\n\nApigenin at 25 micromolar for 24 hours decreased intracellular glutathione in PC-3 cells; the reported apigenin/chrysin reductions were approximately 50–70%.\nLater drug-potentiation comparisons in the abstract used chrysin/chalcone and must not be reassigned to apigenin. This is not a demonstrated nutritional GSH depletion syndrome.\nModel and exposure: Human prostate-cancer PC-3 cells; primary abstract.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Flavonoid-induced glutathione depletion: potential implications for cancer treatment. | 2006 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16781454/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3983951/ | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.03.002 | Access: Indexed primary abstract/metadata only; unextracted doses, figures and methods remain unknown.","model_system":"Human prostate-cancer PC-3 cells; primary abstract.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Original paraphrase in the retained reviewed reference, not a verbatim primary-paper quotation. Access level is explicit.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"54eac90b-add1-5f56-9036-d900307c5697","stable_key":"import-ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967","title":"Apigenin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed.","file_path":"","sha256":"ede6e5c6b91d66b66844f2ff667a7f8303d9ac1281f15dc09db703f7de4da942","revision_id":"b41a39a2-0197-549c-97a5-1765e6696931","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}