{"id":"ac00d27a-ac03-59ce-8307-1fa08bead212","stable_key":"cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c:betalains-redcell-atp","predicate":"preserves","statement":"Indicaxanthin reduced ATP depletion during smoke-extract exposure of isolated red cells.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"0e22eb96-1a36-5397-bedb-b1b845a782c4","mechanism_event_label":"Indicaxanthin reduced ATP depletion during smoke-extract exposure of isolated red cells.","subject":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"d041c791-52f8-5577-845e-d0dae6a77ab7","slug":"human-erythrocyte-atp-content","display_name":"Human erythrocyte ATP content","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"0e22eb96-1a36-5397-bedb-b1b845a782c4","stable_key":"cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c:betalains-redcell-atp-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Indicaxanthin reduced ATP depletion during smoke-extract exposure of isolated red cells.","description":"Indicaxanthin reduced ATP depletion during smoke-extract exposure of isolated red cells.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"d041c791-52f8-5577-845e-d0dae6a77ab7","slug":"human-erythrocyte-atp-content","display_name":"Human erythrocyte ATP content","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"58b974f1-d389-5bf6-81cd-889c44442c42","slug":"atp","display_name":"ATP","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Indicaxanthin 1-5 micromolar; aqueous cigarette smoke extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"3 h","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary PubMed abstract; detailed exposure for PMID 23931157 additionally checked in publisher results. No uninspected full text is claimed.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-derived curation, not universally established human effects","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"An isolated-cell smoke-extract experiment does not establish protection against smoking-related disease; no direct Fas-binding assay was reported in the abstract.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Betalains collection; each molecular form, species, exposure and preparation remains explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"betalains","display_name":"Betalains","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Indicaxanthin reduced ATP depletion during smoke-extract exposure of isolated red cells.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Indicaxanthin prevents eryptosis induced by cigarette smoke extract by interfering with active Fas-mediated signaling. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38520710/ DOI: 10.1002/biof.2051","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Ex vivo co-incubation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Erythrocyte membrane and cytosol","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"112cc0a1-249b-5008-934a-aaf86983e635","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 477-485","start_line":477,"end_line":485,"excerpt":"## betalains-redcell-atp\nIndicaxanthin reduced ATP depletion during smoke-extract exposure of isolated red cells.\nModel/species: Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract\nTissue: Erythrocyte membrane and cytosol\nExposure: Indicaxanthin 1-5 micromolar; aqueous cigarette smoke extract\nRoute: Ex vivo co-incubation\nDuration: 3 h\nLimits: An isolated-cell smoke-extract experiment does not establish protection against smoking-related disease; no direct Fas-binding assay was reported in the abstract.\nPrimary reference: Indicaxanthin prevents eryptosis induced by cigarette smoke extract by interfering with active Fas-mediated signaling. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38520710/ DOI: 10.1002/biof.2051","model_system":"Human isolated red blood cells challenged with cigarette smoke extract","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact archived curation span; an original paraphrase with an individually identified primary reference.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"be94d093-444c-5729-8831-bc33b0ef2fd7","stable_key":"import-cab605fe-8a82-5191-9966-d19a9628c24c","title":"Betalains: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twelve primary research papers; study-specific PubMed/DOI links and limitations retained. 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