{"id":"a3040aa7-7b8b-5695-861f-852701eb3f28","stable_key":"31b1baa4-4113-5541-b9e7-fe44a5253a07:scope-anisatin","predicate":"has_distinct_compound_or_preparation_comparison","statement":"The anisatin record is a distinct-compound or preparation comparison; its biological effects are not assigned to isolated shikimic acid.","claim_class":"identity","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"aa55c101-165b-5a4a-961c-fd45e7aec0e6","mechanism_event_label":"The anisatin record is a distinct-compound or preparation comparison; its biological effects are not assigned to isolated shikimic acid.","subject":{"id":"67ad4a8f-1bf6-59e5-90a6-97b7709024d3","slug":"shikimic-acid","display_name":"Shikimic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"701200c1-3270-5363-a2d3-d659630d876c","slug":"anisatin","display_name":"Anisatin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"aa55c101-165b-5a4a-961c-fd45e7aec0e6","stable_key":"31b1baa4-4113-5541-b9e7-fe44a5253a07:scope-anisatin-event","event_type":"experimental_scope_comparison","label":"The anisatin record is a distinct-compound or preparation comparison; its biological effects are not assigned to isolated shikimic acid.","description":"**Star-anise toxicity is a preparation-identity issue.** Anisatin inhibited GABA-activated currents in rat dorsal-root-ganglion neurons in a use-dependent fashion; an estimated EC50 was 1.10 µM. It is a different molecule from shikimic acid. Seven infant neurological cases associated with star-anise tea and evidence of toxic species contamination demonstrate preparation risk, not toxicity attributable specifically to purified shikimic acid. Botanical identity, plant part, contamination, extraction and measured composition cannot be inferred from the name star anise. [Anisatin modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-channel in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10455311/) [Neurotoxicities in infants seen with the consumption of star anise tea.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15492355/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"67ad4a8f-1bf6-59e5-90a6-97b7709024d3","slug":"shikimic-acid","display_name":"Shikimic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"as reported","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"701200c1-3270-5363-a2d3-d659630d876c","slug":"anisatin","display_name":"Anisatin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"not_reported","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary indexed abstract reviewed; full results, tables and supplements not independently extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Editorial identity/scope connection, not experimental causation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Unsigned navigation, not a human metabolic conversion or automatic ingredient attribution.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The anisatin record is a distinct-compound or preparation comparison; its biological effects are not assigned to isolated shikimic acid.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Anisatin modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-channel in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. | 1999 | DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702700 | PMID 10455311 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10455311/ | https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0702700 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1566146/","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Neurotoxicities in infants seen with the consumption of star anise tea. | 2004 | DOI 10.1542/peds.2004-0058 | PMID 15492355 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15492355/ | https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-0058","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 89-89; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"33cace68-3e1e-5e37-a388-bb5bd1d0f7a4","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 89-89","start_line":89,"end_line":89,"excerpt":"**Star-anise toxicity is a preparation-identity issue.** Anisatin inhibited GABA-activated currents in rat dorsal-root-ganglion neurons in a use-dependent fashion; an estimated EC50 was 1.10 µM. It is a different molecule from shikimic acid. Seven infant neurological cases associated with star-anise tea and evidence of toxic species contamination demonstrate preparation risk, not toxicity attributable specifically to purified shikimic acid. Botanical identity, plant part, contamination, extraction and measured composition cannot be inferred from the name star anise. [Anisatin modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-channel in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10455311/) [Neurotoxicities in infants seen with the consumption of star anise tea.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15492355/)","model_system":"Editorial identity/scope connection, not experimental causation.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. 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