{"id":"9f6aab9b-15b1-5b4b-9961-750264c64e30","stable_key":"ae1ed35d-8ce7-5936-9067-a641374bbf79:carnosine-ischemia-hdc","predicate":"reduces","statement":"Carnosine treatment reduced infarct size in both wild-type and histidine-decarboxylase-null mice after permanent MCAO.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"c8b179e4-5510-5607-bce9-85791586be06","mechanism_event_label":"Protection in this model did not require histamine synthesis.","subject":{"id":"9998eb9b-0d09-58c9-885b-a442477dec8d","slug":"carnosine","display_name":"L-Carnosine / beta-alanyl-L-histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"bafda041-64f5-503c-8249-f72f47c7e456","slug":"mouse-ischemic-infarct-size","display_name":"Mouse cerebral infarct size after focal ischemia","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"c8b179e4-5510-5607-bce9-85791586be06","stable_key":"ae1ed35d-8ce7-5936-9067-a641374bbf79:carnosine-ischemia-hdc-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Protection in this model did not require histamine synthesis.","description":"Carnosine treatment reduced infarct size in both wild-type and histidine-decarboxylase-null mice after permanent MCAO.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"9998eb9b-0d09-58c9-885b-a442477dec8d","slug":"carnosine","display_name":"L-Carnosine / beta-alanyl-L-histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"bafda041-64f5-503c-8249-f72f47c7e456","slug":"mouse-ischemic-infarct-size","display_name":"Mouse cerebral infarct size after focal ischemia","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"0be2d461-c407-50b3-abae-5202132553c6","slug":"mouse-hdc","display_name":"Mouse histidine decarboxylase / Hdc","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"44374451-3436-5136-a8ae-5dcc6d8c353b","slug":"histidine","display_name":"L-Histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"847daefd-ce13-541a-b426-919975168a3d","slug":"histamine","display_name":"Histamine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse cerebral ischemia with Hdc knockout.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Preclinical intervention; not stroke treatment guidance.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Carnosine collection; isomer, preparation, species, exposure and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"carnosine","display_name":"L-Carnosine / beta-alanyl-L-histidine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Protection in this model did not require histamine synthesis.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Carnosine protects against permanent cerebral ischemia in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice by reducing glutamate excitotoxicity. · 2010 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20043985/ · DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.021","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"4439ac0b-028a-5e17-bb6b-dac3fce96db4","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 460-466","start_line":460,"end_line":466,"excerpt":"## carnosine-ischemia-hdc\nProtection in this model did not require histamine synthesis.\nCarnosine treatment reduced infarct size in both wild-type and histidine-decarboxylase-null mice after permanent MCAO.\nModel: Mouse cerebral ischemia with Hdc knockout.\nLimitations: Preclinical intervention; not stroke treatment guidance.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nCarnosine protects against permanent cerebral ischemia in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice by reducing glutamate excitotoxicity. · 2010 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20043985/ · DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.021","model_system":"Mouse cerebral ischemia with Hdc knockout.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"87dc5af2-4eb6-5980-b7e0-bf3697b1156e","stable_key":"import-ae1ed35d-8ce7-5936-9067-a641374bbf79","title":"Carnosine: synthesis, transport, carbonyl chemistry and nutrient interactions (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary-abstract references and experimental limitations individually identified. 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