{"id":"9b09f1c2-682f-529b-b31a-22df9a4d84ea","stable_key":"c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb:indicaxanthin-macrophage-pgj2","predicate":"increases","statement":"Indicaxanthin pretreatment increased production of 15-deoxy-PGJ2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"73886901-5b18-5c8d-ba12-4c760ab07ae2","mechanism_event_label":"Indicaxanthin pretreatment increased production of 15-deoxy-PGJ2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.","subject":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"0c39bca7-c0bc-5cc6-855c-45abc5d50b34","slug":"mouse-raw2647-15d-pgj2-production","display_name":"15-Deoxy-PGJ2 production in mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"73886901-5b18-5c8d-ba12-4c760ab07ae2","stable_key":"c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb:indicaxanthin-macrophage-pgj2-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"Indicaxanthin pretreatment increased production of 15-deoxy-PGJ2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.","description":"Indicaxanthin pretreatment increased production of 15-deoxy-PGJ2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"f2a6e469-05f0-5596-9054-da926389f584","slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"0c39bca7-c0bc-5cc6-855c-45abc5d50b34","slug":"mouse-raw2647-15d-pgj2-production","display_name":"15-Deoxy-PGJ2 production in mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"b7f587ac-a761-53fe-b1af-68bb00782e99","slug":"15-deoxy-delta12-14-prostaglandin-j2","display_name":"15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"39f9446f-52a6-502d-b507-91137726f82c","slug":"arachidonic-acid","display_name":"AA","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"Indicaxanthin 50-100 micromolar; LPS 1 microgram/mL","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"Indicaxanthin 1 h before LPS; signaling time courses 0.5-16 h","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; model-specific source-derived curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"High cell-culture exposure; expression changes are not direct enzyme binding. Pro-oxidant signaling in this setting differs from red-cell antioxidant preservation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Dedicated indicaxanthin chapter; original betalain family identity and shared claims preserved.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"indicaxanthin","display_name":"Indicaxanthin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Indicaxanthin pretreatment increased production of 15-deoxy-PGJ2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Pro-oxidant activity of indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica modulates arachidonate metabolism and prostaglandin synthesis through lipid peroxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25180166/ DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.07.004","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"In vitro pretreatment then challenge","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"Cellular membranes and prostaglandin pathway","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"cd593bf1-1a6a-5f15-b7f7-a4d9cc61fe7e","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 151-160","start_line":151,"end_line":160,"excerpt":"## indicaxanthin-macrophage-pgj2\nIndicaxanthin pretreatment increased production of 15-deoxy-PGJ2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.\nModel/species: Mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages\nTissue: Cellular membranes and prostaglandin pathway\nExposure: Indicaxanthin 50-100 micromolar; LPS 1 microgram/mL\nRoute: In vitro pretreatment then challenge\nDuration: Indicaxanthin 1 h before LPS; signaling time courses 0.5-16 h\nLimits: High cell-culture exposure; expression changes are not direct enzyme binding. Pro-oxidant signaling in this setting differs from red-cell antioxidant preservation.\nPrimary reference: Pro-oxidant activity of indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica modulates arachidonate metabolism and prostaglandin synthesis through lipid peroxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25180166/ DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.07.004\nAccess: Primary open full text, relevant results/methods and PubMed metadata.","model_system":"Mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact archived curation span; original paraphrase with primary citation.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"18b7303c-98b7-54cb-ae8e-a8c6257657b1","stable_key":"import-c94a9824-35fb-523c-b421-dc7341218dcb","title":"Indicaxanthin: mechanisms, molecular forms and cross-actor connections (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of thirteen additional primary studies, with twenty-six existing claims from eight studies linked unchanged. Study-specific citations and limitations retained. 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