{"id":"989f6c62-ca02-50e3-828d-5113cdeab965","stable_key":"10aa417f-4b03-599f-a453-4aa09edeb27c:alanine-intestinal-transstimulation","predicate":"rapidly_increases","statement":"Alanine add-back increased apical System B and System L uptake within five minutes in depleted Caco-2 cells, increasing both apparent Km and Vmax.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"80f0d683-f5f0-5fa5-a912-bf89f5d154ed","mechanism_event_label":"What is already inside an intestinal cell can change how quickly amino acids cross its membrane.","subject":{"id":"ebdc4461-c059-563e-88b0-422c21fdaa25","slug":"alanine","display_name":"L-Alanine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"0cdb47b9-f42f-54c9-a134-a41e2a196ca9","slug":"human-caco2-alanine-transport","display_name":"Alanine transport in human Caco-2 cells","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"80f0d683-f5f0-5fa5-a912-bf89f5d154ed","stable_key":"10aa417f-4b03-599f-a453-4aa09edeb27c:alanine-intestinal-transstimulation-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"What is already inside an intestinal cell can change how quickly amino acids cross its membrane.","description":"Alanine add-back increased apical System B and System L uptake within five minutes in depleted Caco-2 cells, increasing both apparent Km and Vmax.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"ebdc4461-c059-563e-88b0-422c21fdaa25","slug":"alanine","display_name":"L-Alanine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"0cdb47b9-f42f-54c9-a134-a41e2a196ca9","slug":"human-caco2-alanine-transport","display_name":"Alanine transport in human Caco-2 cells","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"38de8704-84db-5770-ac1d-242cd787e798","slug":"sodium-ion","display_name":"Sodium ion","entity_type_key":"ion"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Human Caco-2 monolayers; sodium-dependent and sodium-independent transport assays.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Historical functional systems are not assigned to one modern transporter gene without direct evidence.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"L-Alanine collection; species, compartment, exposure, co-substrates and manipulation remain explicit.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"alanine","display_name":"L-Alanine","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"What is already inside an intestinal cell can change how quickly amino acids cross its membrane.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Posttranslational alanine trans-stimulation of zwitterionic amino acid transport systems in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11971679/ · DOI 10.1006/jsre.2002.6406","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"57780e7f-1312-5d1e-bdb8-150c5c082d96","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 472-478","start_line":472,"end_line":478,"excerpt":"## alanine-intestinal-transstimulation\nWhat is already inside an intestinal cell can change how quickly amino acids cross its membrane.\nAlanine add-back increased apical System B and System L uptake within five minutes in depleted Caco-2 cells, increasing both apparent Km and Vmax.\nModel: Human Caco-2 monolayers; sodium-dependent and sodium-independent transport assays.\nLimitations: Historical functional systems are not assigned to one modern transporter gene without direct evidence.\nEvidence access: Primary abstract\nPosttranslational alanine trans-stimulation of zwitterionic amino acid transport systems in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. · 2002 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11971679/ · DOI 10.1006/jsre.2002.6406","model_system":"Human Caco-2 monolayers; sodium-dependent and sodium-independent transport assays.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Original curation paraphrase; evidence access and experimental limitations specified.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"01c5554c-a8ba-5c86-9b01-a0fa1a886cdb","stable_key":"import-10aa417f-4b03-599f-a453-4aa09edeb27c","title":"L-Alanine: carbon, nitrogen, protein synthesis and cross-nutrient mechanisms (2026-09-19)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted research curation; primary references, access levels and experimental limitations individually identified. 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