{"id":"8fd389d1-3ebe-50ec-bbb1-a1ade92baadd","stable_key":"27e0c1cf-7726-5164-8b15-27a631584cd0:choline-fmo3-tmao","predicate":"oxidizes","statement":"The enzyme comparison demonstrated FMO3-mediated oxidation of TMA to TMAO.","claim_class":"mechanistic","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"c1338903-649e-5627-9f6a-122d4ef8a3e3","mechanism_event_label":"The liver-side enzyme processes a product generated by microbial metabolism.","subject":{"id":"2adc7121-010a-5cfb-b97c-5873c88a350a","slug":"fmo3","display_name":"Human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"object":{"id":"ffdcd3fa-0e47-5c2b-96e2-00b7d1d5674e","slug":"trimethylamine","display_name":"Trimethylamine / TMA","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"c1338903-649e-5627-9f6a-122d4ef8a3e3","stable_key":"27e0c1cf-7726-5164-8b15-27a631584cd0:choline-fmo3-tmao-event","event_type":"biochemical_relationship","label":"The liver-side enzyme processes a product generated by microbial metabolism.","description":"The enzyme comparison demonstrated FMO3-mediated oxidation of TMA to TMAO.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"8b3c1617-bb80-5858-bde0-65e139efbc68","slug":"trimethylamine-n-oxide","display_name":"Trimethylamine N-oxide / TMAO","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"product","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"2adc7121-010a-5cfb-b97c-5873c88a350a","slug":"fmo3","display_name":"Human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"ffdcd3fa-0e47-5c2b-96e2-00b7d1d5674e","slug":"trimethylamine","display_name":"Trimethylamine / TMA","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/choline-research/23312283.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"e7c2641ac478a43513c49a68d2ba21e40aa909b32269e91d106072a9028febae\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1052, \"text_sha256\": \"e7c2641ac478a43513c49a68d2ba21e40aa909b32269e91d106072a9028febae\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Recombinant FMO comparison, mouse manipulation and human expression analyses","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"FMO1/FMO3 enzyme assays; mouse Fmo3 overexpression and silencing","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Enzyme activity, circulating TMAO and clinical disease are different endpoints. Sex regulation is not assigned universally across species.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"choline","display_name":"Choline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human recombinant FMO3 assay","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"The liver-side enzyme processes a product generated by microbial metabolism.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[choline-p23312283] Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation. (2013). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23312283/ DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.011","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"Hepatic TMA oxidation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"af2d8ce4-dce4-56b7-93fc-6e2943f0aa70","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1114-1125","start_line":1114,"end_line":1125,"excerpt":"### choline-fmo3-tmao\nThe enzyme comparison demonstrated FMO3-mediated oxidation of TMA to TMAO.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: The liver-side enzyme processes a product generated by microbial metabolism.\norganism: Human recombinant FMO3 assay\ntissue_or_cell_type: Hepatic TMA oxidation\nexperimental_model: Recombinant FMO comparison, mouse manipulation and human expression analyses\nlimitations: Enzyme activity, circulating TMAO and clinical disease are different endpoints. Sex regulation is not assigned universally across species.\nexposure: FMO1/FMO3 enzyme assays; mouse Fmo3 overexpression and silencing\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/choline-research/23312283.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"e7c2641ac478a43513c49a68d2ba21e40aa909b32269e91d106072a9028febae\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1052, \"text_sha256\": \"e7c2641ac478a43513c49a68d2ba21e40aa909b32269e91d106072a9028febae\"}\n[choline-p23312283] Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation. (2013). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23312283/ DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.011","model_system":"Recombinant FMO comparison, mouse manipulation and human expression analyses","directness":"author_interpretation","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact curation-document quotation, not publisher quotation. Study references: [choline-p23312283] Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation. (2013). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23312283/ DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.011","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"0ba2f05e-5cf5-5bd7-ae5d-0ab4945fcb7b","stable_key":"import-27e0c1cf-7726-5164-8b15-27a631584cd0","title":"Choline: metabolism, signaling and nutrient connections (2026-09-17)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted literature curation; primary study URLs and scope retained in the document and extraction. Not publisher full text.","file_path":"","sha256":"c7afe3d579eba0df6d2a4c26699c653462749e03188348f900c07748cc7282a8","revision_id":"0fa7b48f-2a3c-5adc-b13e-48727dd6f815","review_status":"unverified_draft","notes":""}}],"relations":[],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}