{"id":"8ec7289f-8f1b-52b3-a470-9267bc119739","stable_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-cellular-nad","predicate":"increases_in_recorded_comparison","statement":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_recorded","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"positive","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"3bd7c8d2-a1f2-5126-b89f-6c3bc5bb39c3","mechanism_event_label":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.","subject":{"id":"4425961f-4764-56d3-9887-87e47749379b","slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"fdc8e7e5-258c-53e1-bcc4-12f5145e4a45","slug":"whole-cell-nad-plus-content","display_name":"Whole-cell NAD+ content","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"3bd7c8d2-a1f2-5126-b89f-6c3bc5bb39c3","stable_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-cellular-nad-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.","description":"### api-cellular-nad\n\nApigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.\n\nModel and exposure: A549 and HepG2 cell experiments; Figure 4.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Flavonoid apigenin is an inhibitor of the NAD+ ase CD38: implications for cellular NAD+ metabolism, protein acetylation, and treatment of metabolic syndrome. | 2013 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23172919/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3609577/ | https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-1139 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"4425961f-4764-56d3-9887-87e47749379b","slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"25 micromolar apigenin for 6 hours","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"fdc8e7e5-258c-53e1-bcc4-12f5145e4a45","slug":"whole-cell-nad-plus-content","display_name":"Whole-cell NAD+ content","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"increase","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"283ed24b-06a1-50aa-9281-df3bac6ce37e","slug":"nad-plus","display_name":"NAD+","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"measured metabolite","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_contrast","value_text":"{\"intervention\": \"25 micromolar apigenin for 6 hours\", \"comparator\": \"Vehicle\", \"endpoint\": \"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.\", \"effect_direction\": \"increase\", \"combination\": \"single\", \"conditions\": []}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"Explicit extracted experimental comparison; recorded from source.","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"A549 and HepG2 cell experiments; Figure 4.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Recorded from source with stated access limits; ungraded, not independent replication.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Apigenin collection; exact intervention and molecular form govern interpretation.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"apigenin","display_name":"Apigenin","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Flavonoid apigenin is an inhibitor of the NAD+ ase CD38: implications for cellular NAD+ metabolism, protein acetylation, and treatment of metabolic syndrome. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23172919/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3609577/ | https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-1139","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference api-cellular-nad; ","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"2ee0de37-ecf5-55a6-960e-0b2c12d8f943","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 176-182","start_line":176,"end_line":182,"excerpt":"### api-cellular-nad\n\nApigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments.\n\nModel and exposure: A549 and HepG2 cell experiments; Figure 4.\nLimitations: Limited to the recorded preparation, model, exposure and endpoint. Does not establish a human dietary deficiency, clinical benefit or unique molecular mediation.\nReference: Flavonoid apigenin is an inhibitor of the NAD+ ase CD38: implications for cellular NAD+ metabolism, protein acetylation, and treatment of metabolic syndrome. | 2013 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23172919/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3609577/ | https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-1139 | Access: Primary full text: relevant Results/Methods and figure descriptions reviewed; supplements only where explicitly stated.","model_system":"A549 and HepG2 cell experiments; Figure 4.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_recorded","notes":"Original paraphrase in the retained reviewed reference, not a verbatim primary-paper quotation. Access level is explicit.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"54eac90b-add1-5f56-9036-d900307c5697","stable_key":"import-ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967","title":"Apigenin: detailed mechanisms of action (reviewed 10 October 2026)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"AI-assisted original curation of primary studies; claim-local access and experimental limitations stated. Includes original-draft correction history. No independent replication claimed.","file_path":"","sha256":"ede6e5c6b91d66b66844f2ff667a7f8303d9ac1281f15dc09db703f7de4da942","revision_id":"b41a39a2-0197-549c-97a5-1765e6696931","review_status":"source_recorded","notes":""}}],"relations":[{"id":"f5e9f4aa-3b8f-5b49-99e1-94b7e614cc7e","relation_type":"limits_scope_of","notes":"Short exposure in primary macrophages does not reproduce the six-hour response in other cells.","source_claim_id":"52fb57c8-4f5a-582e-86dc-569c11ba75b4","source_claim_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-human-nad-short-null","source_statement":"Thirty-minute apigenin exposure did not detectably raise NAD+ in the human primary-macrophage assay.","target_claim_id":"8ec7289f-8f1b-52b3-a470-9267bc119739","target_claim_key":"ff370329-68a3-573d-96ee-597de78a3967:api-cellular-nad","target_statement":"Apigenin at 25 micromolar for 6 hours increased measured cellular NAD+ in the reported human-cell experiments."}],"conflicts":[],"corrections":[],"research":null}