{"id":"8c81b5ab-70c2-5a4a-be14-438dfed199e9","stable_key":"31b1baa4-4113-5541-b9e7-fe44a5253a07:rat-shikimic-acid-oral-exposure","predicate":"reported_relationship","statement":"Nominal oral shikimic acid produced Cmax 904 ng/mL and estimated bioavailability 10.4% in rats.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"9fc9fb71-20d4-514b-b803-d94144de2067","mechanism_event_label":"Nominal oral shikimic acid produced Cmax 904 ng/mL and estimated bioavailability 10.4% in rats.","subject":{"id":"67ad4a8f-1bf6-59e5-90a6-97b7709024d3","slug":"shikimic-acid","display_name":"Shikimic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"object":{"id":"48557863-4b38-54a6-898d-dbed1df57d46","slug":"rat-shikimic-acid-oral-exposure","display_name":"Rat oral shikimic-acid exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"9fc9fb71-20d4-514b-b803-d94144de2067","stable_key":"31b1baa4-4113-5541-b9e7-fe44a5253a07:rat-shikimic-acid-oral-exposure-event","event_type":"experimental_observation","label":"Nominal oral shikimic acid produced Cmax 904 ng/mL and estimated bioavailability 10.4% in rats.","description":"**Rat exposure is measurable but incomplete.** In five male Sprague–Dawley rats per route, reported oral shikimic acid 100 mg/kg produced Cmax 904 ± 48 ng/mL (calculated 5.19 µM), Tmax 2.7 ± 1.5 h and terminal half-life 1.26 ± 0.20 h. The intravenous comparator was 2 mg/kg; estimated absolute bioavailability was 10.4%. The Methods contains a dose/volume arithmetic inconsistency, so these are the nominal dose and Table 3 estimates, not an independently reconstructed administered dose. Occasional double peaks do not prove enterohepatic recycling. Neither rat transport mechanism nor human oral exposure is established by these numbers. [Pharmacokinetics of Shikimic Acid Following Intragastric and Intravenous Administrations in Rats.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32872397/)","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"67ad4a8f-1bf6-59e5-90a6-97b7709024d3","slug":"shikimic-acid","display_name":"Shikimic acid","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"tested factor","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"as reported","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"48557863-4b38-54a6-898d-dbed1df57d46","slug":"rat-shikimic-acid-oral-exposure","display_name":"Rat oral shikimic-acid exposure","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"measured outcome","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"not_reported","sequence_order":1,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary full text retrieved; relevant methods/results/figures reviewed. Selective extraction, not raw-data reanalysis or exhaustive supplemental extraction.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Male Sprague–Dawley rats, five per route; nominal oral 100 mg/kg versus intravenous 2 mg/kg.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"interpretation_status","value_text":"Source-derived extraction of a fact-checked reference; access is explicit, not independent raw-data verification.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Species/route-specific pharmacokinetic estimate, not human exposure. Rat nominal-dose arithmetic caveat and complete time parameters remain in the source passage.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"Nominal oral shikimic acid produced Cmax 904 ng/mL and estimated bioavailability 10.4% in rats.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Pharmacokinetics of Shikimic Acid Following Intragastric and Intravenous Administrations in Rats. | 2020 | DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090824 | PMID 32872397 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32872397/ | https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12090824 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7558350/","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"source_locator","value_text":"Reviewed reference lines 47-47; exact primary location described in quoted passage where extracted.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"3496e22d-6ebc-5157-917b-46659a4898b9","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 47-47","start_line":47,"end_line":47,"excerpt":"**Rat exposure is measurable but incomplete.** In five male Sprague–Dawley rats per route, reported oral shikimic acid 100 mg/kg produced Cmax 904 ± 48 ng/mL (calculated 5.19 µM), Tmax 2.7 ± 1.5 h and terminal half-life 1.26 ± 0.20 h. The intravenous comparator was 2 mg/kg; estimated absolute bioavailability was 10.4%. The Methods contains a dose/volume arithmetic inconsistency, so these are the nominal dose and Table 3 estimates, not an independently reconstructed administered dose. Occasional double peaks do not prove enterohepatic recycling. Neither rat transport mechanism nor human oral exposure is established by these numbers. [Pharmacokinetics of Shikimic Acid Following Intragastric and Intravenous Administrations in Rats.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32872397/)","model_system":"Male Sprague–Dawley rats, five per route; nominal oral 100 mg/kg versus intravenous 2 mg/kg.","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact excerpt of the retained AI-assisted reviewed reference; primary sources are cited in primary_references and access scope is retained. 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