{"id":"8a9f5785-7b60-5d30-acf8-c2dee56902d4","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-acute-insulin","predicate":"similar_response_to_sucrose","statement":"HFCS and sucrose produced similar 24-hour insulin profiles with isocaloric meals.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"neutral","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"1d60db2a-ae65-5276-b020-9a8172de97fe","mechanism_event_label":"HFCS and sucrose produced similar 24-hour insulin profiles with isocaloric meals.","subject":{"id":"9e77d6b7-d2b2-5fd5-a42a-6c4ff1885abf","slug":"hfcs-55","display_name":"HFCS-55","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"object":{"id":"6c6119b5-1742-5646-a6da-2847b6902791","slug":"human-hfcs-sucrose-endocrine-comparison","display_name":"Human endocrine responses to HFCS versus sucrose","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"1d60db2a-ae65-5276-b020-9a8172de97fe","stable_key":"c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736:hfcs-acute-insulin-event","event_type":"observed_relationship","label":"HFCS and sucrose produced similar 24-hour insulin profiles with isocaloric meals.","description":"HFCS and sucrose produced similar 24-hour insulin profiles with isocaloric meals.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"9e77d6b7-d2b2-5fd5-a42a-6c4ff1885abf","slug":"hfcs-55","display_name":"HFCS-55","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"6c6119b5-1742-5646-a6da-2847b6902791","slug":"human-hfcs-sucrose-endocrine-comparison","display_name":"Human endocrine responses to HFCS versus sucrose","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"832b1926-18e7-5b76-8dc4-bad8ed234645","slug":"high-fructose-corn-syrup","display_name":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"82558bd0-1a84-574a-a04c-10609c9c5dba","slug":"sucrose","display_name":"Sucrose","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":3,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"d7ab69c0-cd7d-587c-b315-47af56493182","slug":"insulin","display_name":"Insulin","entity_type_key":"protein"},"role":"context_participant","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":4,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"dose","value_text":"HFCS or sucrose beverages with 3 isocaloric meals; exact sugar allocation not recovered from primary abstract","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"duration","value_text":"24-hour profiles","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_access","value_text":"Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"evidence_scope","value_text":"literature_reviewed; source-specific curation","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"34 adults in crossover meal study; 8 men also received pure monosaccharides","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure_scope","value_text":"Direct HFCS versus sucrose","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"Short feeding study; eight-man fructose/glucose comparison is a subset and does not establish long-term equivalence or appetite control.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"HFCS chapter: actual formulation studies, component biochemistry and interventions are explicitly distinguished.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"high-fructose-corn-syrup","display_name":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup / HFCS","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"34 adults in crossover meal study; 8 men also received pure monosaccharides","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"HFCS and sucrose produced similar 24-hour insulin profiles with isocaloric meals.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"Twenty-four-hour endocrine and metabolic profiles following consumption of high-fructose corn syrup-, sucrose-, fructose-, and glucose-sweetened beverages with meals. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18469239/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1194","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"route","value_text":"Oral beverages with meals","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue","value_text":"24-hour endocrine and triglyceride profiles","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"7c74f01f-605c-56d8-bd3c-71d995158fb1","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 353-363","start_line":353,"end_line":363,"excerpt":"## hfcs-acute-insulin\nHFCS and sucrose produced similar 24-hour insulin profiles with isocaloric meals.\nModel/species: 34 adults in crossover meal study; 8 men also received pure monosaccharides\nTissue: 24-hour endocrine and triglyceride profiles\nExposure: HFCS or sucrose beverages with 3 isocaloric meals; exact sugar allocation not recovered from primary abstract\nRoute: Oral beverages with meals\nDuration: 24-hour profiles\nExposure scope: Direct HFCS versus sucrose\nLimits: Short feeding study; eight-man fructose/glucose comparison is a subset and does not establish long-term equivalence or appetite control.\nReference: Twenty-four-hour endocrine and metabolic profiles following consumption of high-fructose corn syrup-, sucrose-, fructose-, and glucose-sweetened beverages with meals. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18469239/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1194\nAccess: Primary abstract/metadata; unrecovered methods explicitly retained.","model_system":"34 adults in crossover meal study; 8 men also received pure monosaccharides","directness":"reported_statement","verification_status":"source_derived_draft","notes":"Exact original curation span, not a publisher quotation; provenance retained.","relationship":"supports","weight":1.0,"link_notes":"","source":{"id":"e863ddf6-7c1e-5a70-8335-7f3ac3eeee92","stable_key":"import-c8c7aa13-14c6-5f5c-9afc-9217d0f2f736","title":"High-Fructose Corn Syrup: mechanism of action and metabolic impact (2026-09-20)","document_type":"imported_text","citation_label":"Original AI-assisted curation of twenty primary studies and official FDA composition information, with one reused canonical glucose-transport claim. Study-specific citations, negative findings and limitations retained. 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