{"id":"861073dd-fa31-53f0-abb3-ed2b1efb4524","stable_key":"27e0c1cf-7726-5164-8b15-27a631584cd0:choline-pc-hcy-fasting","predicate":"reduces","statement":"Two weeks of phosphatidylcholine supplementation reduced fasting total homocysteine by 18% relative to placebo.","claim_class":"observational","status":"source_derived_draft","evidence_grade":"ungraded","direction":"context_dependent","is_public":true,"mechanism_event_id":"1fe6bb73-839f-5e5d-b488-8df1b763bdde","mechanism_event_label":"A choline-containing form changed a methyl-metabolism blood marker.","subject":{"id":"35adb31d-18cf-5997-9e73-8e5c54d84336","slug":"phosphatidylcholine-supplement","display_name":"Study-specific phosphatidylcholine supplements","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"object":{"id":"7b9438d1-45ad-58a2-8b0c-260a9841612d","slug":"human-fasting-homocysteine","display_name":"Human fasting plasma total homocysteine concentration","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"evidence_count":1,"mechanism_event":{"id":"1fe6bb73-839f-5e5d-b488-8df1b763bdde","stable_key":"27e0c1cf-7726-5164-8b15-27a631584cd0:choline-pc-hcy-fasting-event","event_type":"observed_intervention","label":"A choline-containing form changed a methyl-metabolism blood marker.","description":"Two weeks of phosphatidylcholine supplementation reduced fasting total homocysteine by 18% relative to placebo.","status":"provisional","compartment":null,"participants":[{"entity":{"id":"8e1d19fd-ad66-575d-81c4-9122f78915e5","slug":"choline","display_name":"Choline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"},"role":"delivered_nutrient","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":0,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"35adb31d-18cf-5997-9e73-8e5c54d84336","slug":"phosphatidylcholine-supplement","display_name":"Study-specific phosphatidylcholine supplements","entity_type_key":"chemical_species"},"role":"subject","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":1,"notes":""},{"entity":{"id":"7b9438d1-45ad-58a2-8b0c-260a9841612d","slug":"human-fasting-homocysteine","display_name":"Human fasting plasma total homocysteine concentration","entity_type_key":"cellular_process"},"role":"target","stoichiometry":null,"state_label":"","sequence_order":2,"notes":""}]},"contexts":[{"dimension":"evidence_span","value_text":"{\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/choline-research/16002808.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"ad206000c96c52d280ac135c03d531122121a82c436dce40c7d13e55d0976ae1\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1797, \"text_sha256\": \"ad206000c96c52d280ac135c03d531122121a82c436dce40c7d13e55d0976ae1\"}","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"experimental_model","value_text":"Randomized crossover feeding trial","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"exposure","value_text":"About 2.6 g choline/day as PC versus matched placebo oil for two weeks; methionine-load testing","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"limitations","value_text":"High experimental intake and biomarker endpoint; no cardiovascular-event benefit was tested.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"nutrient_topic","value_text":"Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":{"slug":"choline","display_name":"Choline","entity_type_key":"small_molecule"}},{"dimension":"organism","value_text":"Human","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"plain_language","value_text":"A choline-containing form changed a methyl-metabolism blood marker.","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"primary_references","value_text":"[choline-p16002808] Choline supplemented as phosphatidylcholine decreases fasting and postmethionine-loading plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy men. (2005). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16002808/ DOI: 10.1093/ajcn.82.1.111","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null},{"dimension":"tissue_or_cell_type","value_text":"26 men with mildly elevated plasma homocysteine","comparator":null,"unit":null,"notes":"","entity":null}],"evidence":[{"id":"7bb35f48-244c-542b-93d4-96a56dcc8de8","evidence_kind":"source_excerpt","locator":"Lines 1075-1086","start_line":1075,"end_line":1086,"excerpt":"### choline-pc-hcy-fasting\nTwo weeks of phosphatidylcholine supplementation reduced fasting total homocysteine by 18% relative to placebo.\nCondition category: normal\nnutrient_topic: Choline research collection; topical membership is not evidence of a direct dietary effect.\nplain_language: A choline-containing form changed a methyl-metabolism blood marker.\norganism: Human\ntissue_or_cell_type: 26 men with mildly elevated plasma homocysteine\nexperimental_model: Randomized crossover feeding trial\nlimitations: High experimental intake and biomarker endpoint; no cardiovascular-event benefit was tested.\nexposure: About 2.6 g choline/day as PC versus matched placebo oil for two weeks; methionine-load testing\nevidence_span: {\"source_cache\": \"artifacts/choline-research/16002808.abstract.txt\", \"locator\": \"Primary indexed abstract; zero-based, end-exclusive Unicode character offsets\", \"file_sha256\": \"ad206000c96c52d280ac135c03d531122121a82c436dce40c7d13e55d0976ae1\", \"start_char\": 0, \"end_char\": 1797, \"text_sha256\": \"ad206000c96c52d280ac135c03d531122121a82c436dce40c7d13e55d0976ae1\"}\n[choline-p16002808] Choline supplemented as phosphatidylcholine decreases fasting and postmethionine-loading plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy men. 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